636 THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. (Serr, 9: 
" Gdontites, both near and at a distance from other | knowledge of the import and relation gf the organs of true nature of the papp pappas in the. Comptia Sip 
ts. The results of my experiment are as follows. | plants was to study the history of the 5 of enfrey said that monstrosities Positze. Mi 
eral plants of Rhinanthus Crista-gall came up at | each organ from its primitive cells. By this means | classes, those which related to the tree, olin 
4 fr ther plants, but did not thrive; the laws of ers Argna been evolved which were those which related to the reproductive 0 mi 
tance from o Plants, Aich and a half t successfully applied to systematic botany at the pre- these, the last were by far the most i organs, 
the scarcely attained an inch or an ich ane a ps day. Although peony must principally rest the question of the production of th 8. Ato 
in height ; only two produced ae flower each, and KATEA Wan re n ovules, be 
then the whole withered without any seed being scope, as exper riment could hardly be made in this de- pistil converted into almost a perfect leaf ded to the 
rm single plant, which ‘aie up close to a partment of human inquiry; yet Nature sometimes expe- | growing on the margin of this leaf. The e anc ovules 
plant of Wheat, attained the sual dimensions and | rimented, as it were, for us, aud by arresting organs in their strosity Papaver somniferum, evidently sus a 
flowered freely, but I n lected to observe whether | process of development, presented to us, in a permanent the view that the placenta, stigma, and one ae 
: cimens of Odontites | form, the various transi 1 stages of a normal deve- all formations of the carpellary leaf. This br 
a 
— 
2 
its seeds were perfecte e specim ‘ 
came up more freely than the Rhinanthus ; | lopment. Plants or parts of plants wee ing these confirmed the view taken by Robert Brown ¢ 
and they all flowered, both those that forms were called “ monstrous,” “ monsters,” or “ mon- | ture of the stigma of Papaveracem as the restt of ie 
the: i for d abundance of proms les of the succors, | These perm p- case of a Vegetable Marrow i 
ar 1 3 m rances, on their roots attac 1 ment were found in all parts of the plant, and were perfectly developed, but between the petals 
— —— n protu ; in worthy of study, as confirming or modifying the general there was developed two oblong green bodies ike ý 
logy. llowing instances 
unde 
— than a foot from the spot where the plant was and he thought them worthy of record. — In the | of perfectly formed ovules.—Dr. Wallich said that 
owing till they had reached and intermixed with | earliest periods of the history of the develop- | any argument were wanting to prove that Brown d 
the fibres of — Rye. In some cases could detect ment of the leaf, its position was alternate, one leaf correet in regarding the ovules as the produetion ot the 
no appearan succors, and nothing like an attach- | above the other; subsequently the leaves in many | carpellary leaf, it would be found in the genus Stewul 
ment to the este a other plants. ies becam osite or verticillate. An instance where the pistil was prolonged i into a regular leaf, — 
he 
J. 
the 
famili e op 
“I learn from Mr. Bentuam that he has met with was given of the original alternate type remaining in | the ovu — 
me wh there w rtainly none of the the Hippuris vulgaris, in which the leaves, instead of | base ot the tory He aa not sit down wi — a 
i- being in whorls, were arranged alte rnately in a spiral | ing to t that Linnzeus had firs st propounded t 
* 
j! 1 . 
i : he stem.—lIn the conversion of the leaf bud into | idea “morphology in his “ Prol lexis p 
mens of Euphrasia, Melampyrum, and Odontites ex- npon t p . th honk indicated taliiouih is bad. bee 1 
amined by him. et | the flower bud, bract: sere e organs whic ica althoug ha subseꝗ 
to be ascertained concerning the precise character te toe of Plantago major, found by the author, 9 — ane that he y other a n 1 prest 
y 2 the —— 3 3 if ee — be and the other, Plantago media, presented him he 55 difference between ae morphological value of 
c question is o Lindley, in whose garden i w monstrosities produce the attacks of insects 
ance to cultivators, I would suggest the following variety, in which the bracts, idea ed a at the fungi and seas growing wh a The latter we 
experiment to those who have fields in which Rhinan- | base of the ne and smaller oy that organ, retained | by far the greatest interest and importance. With re- 
Crista-galli is abundant. Let them keep a space | the character of fully formed leaves,—The pals, petals, | gard to the formation of the placenta and ovules, he 
ok about 3 yards square perfectly cleared of this | and 3 exhibited still — . from the did not think it inconsistent with what occurred in 
plant for two or three years, and observe whether | ordina: of the leaf. These, however, often | other var ial prc of nature to suppose that there were 
the Grass on that patch flourishes beyond that which | retained the appearance of the leaf after . tendency | two modes of arriving at the same end. For instance, 
are e abali propos peng my ew | rm he Hoven hacen a nue o> fond colegio on roa 
1 3 3 e 
grape experime we wit h St, ores 1 which, in th the place of the sepals, petals, and stamens, | Thus he thought that in some pei that the 
thought necessary this year, avin ay i * as developed three rows of succulent, leaf-like | placenta and ovules might be produced from the car- 
je cannes “convinced that Decaisne's statement was phy This had arisen from the attack of a fungus, pellary leaf, — in others they might be independest 
corr Reference was also made to specimens of Trifolium | productions, We might regard the leaves in the P. 
$i T N you a preparation in spirits of the repens which had been gathered by the author, in capsule not as the ‘formations of the growing point, 
r 
5 
i es A. Henfr 
to the fibres of «Wheat, and you will see what a and Robert Austen, Esq., at Chilworth Manor, in which | Professor Edward 
parasitic aspect they have assumed whatever their | the parts of the flower exhibited the bag ipeaiy 2 fhe could not explain the appearances: prese 
real functions may G I am very desirous of pro- | leaves, and the short ae stalks were elon to | disposition o of the ovules, on their carpellary origin, asl 
curing ate of Mela 5 rvense for experiment the character of the stem.— The highest tendeney o 255 the referred to a case of the Primula sinensis, recorded 
of your correspondents could procure me 
son hen tendency was greatest we must seek th e typical yak, of 2 independent of the car leaves. In the case 
n ; shall 105 much obliged to them f Hicham, the vegetable kingdom. This was found i in the Compo- | of Tragopogon, in r Babington’s obser- 
reference to Mr. 
wil site, In this family the tendency to the production of abil he suggested iiile it did not 
The nnexed c 1 show the appearance pre- | flowers was so stron A that a pia of development were that the pa ibas Ý as the homologue of the veins of of tie 
sented by the pr . — gre = That on — seldom recorded. As e of Tragopogon pratensis leaf rather than of thé whole leaf. 
right eee are Sy ine pe ees tee i x re f was exhibited, in which the pappus was convertéd into (To be continued.) 
—.— o the roots of Grass, the other those of foliate appendages ; sd corolla was of a green colour, iL HINTS FOR AMATEU 
Euphrasia. and the a Sone 3 character. een 155 Ag DENS. TEURS 
The 25 central an of the flower, the pistil, was Abbie. Metern or 1 e GARDEN, pa 
also, in the earlier stages of its growth, identical with | tention is requi 2 
of rn ae opogon sony accu nlating ger k outed 
pratensis, just mentioned, it retained this form.— Phe work acoum ating, ed to keep u W TA 
origin of the placenta and ovules within the carpellary | we are-all alert under the influence of hoj 
‘leaves must still be regarded as an undecided oe is past, and the genial influences of nature e anima { 
n instance of the capsule of the Papaver somniferum | ourselves and urge us to fresh exertions. be 
was exhibited, in which, in the interior of the cipia autumn our spirits flag ; when frosts nip oùr 
at its base, the growing point, there was present, an | and heavy rains disfigure more hardy p we 
abnormal growth, consisting of four leaf-like organs, are apt to turn away disgusted from garden labour. 
opposite each other, separate above and united at the | The — a is, that weeds accumulate, and with 
or s and other insects. Grass-P 
i 
apex, one of the leaves was divided into two pe each blast. A 4 
c E 
was a changed condition of the tissue, rese Morte ng the however ving, work should now be industrious 
stigma, thus confirming the theory which regarded the | performed. Yet, surely there are some pang 
pá 
is monstrosity as ‘wording evidence —— —— for tis pe What glorious hues 
the theory of the development of the placenta and mou — it and how the whole frame ‘glows W 
iron independent of the carpellary leaf. Popeye healthy warmt th fron the d * 
morphological question existed, and .that was as to every amateur resist the disposition 10 leave his sol 
e winter i 
enden SE x with Professor HensLow that, whether an inferior fruit should be — th r th 
inder n pa Bete of spi re enn . the | result of the growth of the carpellary leaf, or of the he 15 be rewarded by all the labour he can 
: mmon weeds 25 ught to be of portion of the stem on which it was seated, e ne | upon 7 
termined, k the kiko of those who desire their Gooseberries were bronione in which bracts The Kitchen Garden should be kept free from we 
eradicn: wing from the surface of the berry, and which might which make surprising progress in the autumn 1 
a aeni atis ane th - has pe as indicative eth of the axial than the | decayed crops, such as Peas and Beans, should be f 
: Our g Tu unce the | foliar character of the fruit. t. The proximate cause isi up at once, and the ground thrown up in trenches if? : 
| 8 ogcolies * ? 
amh which is- naoa fi either x i culture or the attacks should be hoed up as high as possible. Ces be 
of parasitic fungi or insects. In these eases the forma- | be earthed up a kitle 2 time. Herb beds MY i 
tive energy of ii plant seemed not ny to resist the looked over, and the withered flower stalks 
40 cy to produce its tissues in simplest fo Raspberry plantations may be arranged . 
that of the e cc. Babington r to each pole, 
leaving two or three strong canes changed i 
om ji the causes he had assigned for | g te be examined, and if weakly ex h t is 5 : 
the prod dion of th thie monstrosities. n another Carrots” m , althoug for som? 
observed in cultivated places, and unghills, a ; ips do better in the groan i 11 
* as of Atriplex, in which the time to come. In short all should now be Jest 1008 
M 75 ; the” flowers were developed one within the other. The fruit | can ving nothing w is important, e. J 
es aon Singapore.: in this ease was also much larger. With rega: the vet weather should 8 its performance and 7 
“ASSOCIATION monstrous r he thought this was Wall trees require ire pruning and nailing in, 1500 a 
FOR THE ADVANCE CEMENT OF SCIENCE, planting you intend to execute Co this e 
from p. the — ined on finished as 
$ as possible. SUNS : 
; * | Piiira ninaru The 
