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676 — AGRICULTURAL GAZ ET TE. Oer. 
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labour and industrious habits, So far little not notice pas pe this plan, the rain had not only been thrown | be derived from it. In t the course of hs R 4 
-been taken of the proposal, which is to be regretted, off the surface, as qu sa as it was possible, by the 48 he referred to the necessity which existed . 
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te as thrown off for the purpose of P 
ural sige and I shall be in kuch a way as to wales it to take away along with it growth of plants, which were thereby — ; 
. J. ble ilisi i t in soi thei 2 
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1 beg to thank Mr, Benny for his Ne offer of corre- | autumn rains that were thrown off from the surface of | in proportion did they remove all im ö 
sponding with me, but a scheme such as he mentions the earth carried away along with them a quantity of — asak to > the plant, and prevented everything Were 
cannot be too publ “ye sen Be TA — 5 P. S. My 102. e ren fertilising matter which the soil “indis: ten ed to iscourage its growth. With H retpeet * 
will be ready, for tlie plan I propose to assist the ah sably required to make it productive. Now, instead | 6r-shallow drains, he thought that no rule could be 
any time for the santy six 1 After that I shall of "shave allowing the first shag to run off the surface of down winch wou e applicable 2 * 
spend it in my own neighbourhood, the soil, they should rie ow them to descend into sa, all circumstan?es (He ar) eee 
“ S?” Small Farm. — Lour enterprising correspon- | the earth, and deposi oe kale qualities on the feet deep, whilst = found es thas lands 
dent “S.” deserves every assistance from the experi- | top of the la nd. The advantage which they would nile benefited when they were ¿feet deep. His * 
enced. It is refreshing to see how zealo ously affected | derive from dee 3 was athe increased de ra- | opinion was, however, that drains less ien 3 feet : 
he is towards “farming on a small scale.“ May his | ture of the soil. Phe earth w med in the spring | ought not under any circumstances to be 2% 
be realised 
I would not by a word deter him from his project, but | rated with moisture at that . a pes ng process 18 inches to 4 feet, and he must say, in all soils; k 
a few years’ — has taught me to look for a very would then be going on. The most cooling proc cess 4 feet acted far superior to any which w, 1 
limited profit from the trouble and outlay of farming a which he knew of was caused by ike action of the sun’s | was decidedly | favourable to the adoption oie a 
w acres, even when well stocked and diligently at- | rays on the wet soil in the spring of the year. That system of draining as the best means of inoren I 
tended to. The accuracy of my “poultry profits,” | process which he spoke of was evaporation. In cases of | value and produce of the land.—Colonel 1 awati 
given in a former number of the Gazette, “S.” may | fever of the brain, physicians applied ether. This pro- | sure that all of them must feel extremely obliged we ; 
rely on. The — may seem large, but my belief is, | cess damped the head, and so by evaporation Mane several gentlemen who had come forward and S| 
hens with a rooster to every six or eight will yield | cold. In India, for instance, 15 inhabitants frequently | their opinion upon the subject of draining, with a yey 
a clear annual profit of 10s. each, if well fed and eared | had recourse, and so had had for a long time, to evapo- | to instruct them in a matter of the greatest n | 
for. Mine give me nearly that wi 0 kes averaging | ration with a view to produce fla. They placed water 8 to spion kiria He thought the light which 
from 8d. to 9d. a dozen, only; and chickens fit for the | in basins, and by allowing the water to soak through | had been thrown on the subject was such as 
chased food. One of my hens this year has brought up | a cold as actually to freeze water. If that was the case, | sent, and a means + 
21 good chickens, in two broods, from 25 eggs. My | they should only reflect upon what was going on when | were interested in 
plan of farming these, and * other “small deer,” is to | water was at the surface of the earth, = 8 1 5 re two modes which w 
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SP. but look on and direct I do; and that I con- | it, the earth that was porous was warmed, and is earth | wou Ja have been called deep draining. od 
ceive way of ise work carried out | that was not was made much cooler than it was pre- all draining was to promote tillage ; and unless 
2 special Ae live stock are concerned. II viously, It had been necessary for him to intr troduse was carried on to a greater extent than fee 
would have “ S.“ receive very 3 statements of | these few remarks in the way he ma’ e a great | out this 9 they lost entirely the full effect of 
profits. Cows have large appetites, and | difference of opinion existed as to mode in which | drai aes Drainage was only the way leading to tlg 
ly. Too many who have written about | draining should be carried on, and Br as to the defects and by its adoption they would get a security in 
consume immensely. 
them have figured from 2 ace rather than from posi. | in the drainage of arable land. Different people advo- | weathers against injury to their crops; and without ? 
i rience. esses and crude notions of | cated draining at various depths—some 2 feet, 3 feet, | they would never 3 any really good farms, Th 
what things ought to Pay Paced of clear statements of | and some 4 feet, while others advocated draining even adoption a a good system of drainage was a cheapmol 
what they do pay, are of no use except to deceive, | still deeper, and a large number of occupiers of land | of conduc ing a farm, and no farming was on 
Really od dairy cows are rare, and seldom to be | imagined that the soil could not be drained properly if | it 8 aap 
bought at fair, wareg or farm-yard. Who would part | the drains were put in beyond a depth of 2 or 3 feet. At the Puntic Menm on the followi 
rl a profitable cow? By breeding or purchasing | These parties did not take into account that clay was a following remar sw made in connection 
and run or "hs chance of their excellencies nee which varied in size according to the moisture A 5 i. Judges: 
“for th the pail,” a good dairy of cows may be reared ;| which it contained. In the winter season the clay be- uN Grey, Esq., one 
aven the then, to keep > op ip the a supply of of milk an d the quality ted and swollen to a much larger body than ne sentiment that jas been expressed by our noble 
m, d fed. To keep at an hes time, while in summer it shrunk. Prac- ieti i i i 
a cow in 5 will ty na “a woeha or not less apra tical Aes knew that in dry summer months elay 8 e tien a E 15 
124. 10s. a year, whether you 6 vibe a A | cracked to a very considerable extent. Now, this being | stock. I think, however, that the two cug! 
good common right for the four o 1 wae months, | the action of droughts in clays, the effect of draining 1 good stock popes gaa = — 
and et he ! ig out of profit, will ease “of to pos- was to conv e water underneath, in making the clay | be a stimulant to the farmer 10 rex 
And now of the produce il porous. Clay soils were remarkable for their power | essential in bringing that stock 
Sia n half a pound of butte array throu ughout the | of attracting moisture upwards, and more especially z i ry a few 
-year ; if they do, and give 300 gallons of skim milk for when the sun warmed the surface of the earth. The | markable fe its —— and capital ; n 
the pigs, they are good ones; 182 Ibs. of butter at Is. a moisture was evaporated by the action of the sun’s na — — was not that en 
poun t 
e of man A Norfolk cow I have at present Thus, as long as was porous, the mois 
— vielda 3977 ibs, ‘of ty in 39 weeks, I eee being 1 sucked up. If they had put drains in | it so tisk, — * kerne having gone | 
quantity a fortnight after er calving ; 3977 oes at 2 feet or 24 feet, for a long period in the spring of I hope you will progress, and that you will will not suffer ale | 
is 397 gallons, which I sell to a retailer at 6d. per gal- | the year the sun’s rays were almost powerless : for this tbai: evi rill aa Tyren bona migh ‘that 1 method d 
; 91. 18s. for the e nine 1. A half-bred | reason, that as fast as the evaporation ga place ve sericaitaite shies E 5 4 
Scot and Norfolk cow has given 3046 lbs., or nearly 17 | moisture was displaced from underneath. f, how land. This district, I am 8 has — impedimer 
Ths. a day, for S daet 26 weeks. A third, a true home | the drains were placed at a depth of 4 feck, the dis. i MES with in soil and climate; but peg ode 0 
bred, 16 Ibs. to 18 Ibs. at a meal, or 35 Ibs. | tance of the action ich may be overcome, and probably 0 belt a 
25 i 18 Ibi > 5 „ t he 1 i ts to ercome the 
a day. She yr Sy ain nine — = = 120 e it to be so sucked up. Now, the great benefit of or intel etua] impedi ments, beeaus cause th h 2 55 red 
Tha. 5 A e inage jain: t 
temperature of 52° og pinding it 1 2 che! vaia fire | in the spring of the year from the warmth of the sun | per on an — segret. follow ni | 5 c other he 
ee t bath, zene 60 oz. of excellent | acting on the surface of the soil. It was of the greatest who he des — 85 — agriculture a . 
or 45 minutes churn ing. New milk at 1d. importance to farmers, especially in this part of th very w h an exceedingly "Jeficient system of, 
equal to butter at 18. per Ib., 1 ield- count P 1 tion. We 1 — where there are several in a 
} f p quart yield ry, to understand that they would never get the | is educated for the ehiteh, andiher for the lam, and a 
o> Rage gem: gor lys 02. of butter, after standing | proper temperature unless they drained deep. Cattle for sot ot ar prétéasion, DIE Ea wae e gh to go to 
a 2 8 pa 40 hours, Butter for our own use | Sheep, &c., all preferred a dry bed to lie upon rat ther plough is thought undeserving of mr ducati 
ery other morning in a large glass bottle, | than a wet one, because it was more healthy for them. stowed upon him ; but a tim: 
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; and e, wy en te on Bee-keeping | able for man that he should occupy a dry rather 55 a | made in the world demands. 
and & Acetone te another time. May | damp place. Some other parts of the world were more iF you a ye neni crated ge 2 
strai 1 you n 
and Fight ee 85 R. Erm co bag growing Wheat than England; and it was | fited in circumstances, do 
Pigott. therefore desirable that in z eo we should en. those desirable ends are most ‘tk ely to 
pr gba to make our soil w. r by a proper system | them in early life that which if neglected can —— 
7 Sotieties. peers ge, by which vt only v vegetation but even man | a oe ieee — e ander of the Judges, A 
Norta LANCASHIRE, Sept. 20 and 21: Discussion on pa kis gi e eee aapi benefited. He bec: a | said, Agriculture, hitherto, bas been napu 
ine Drataage of Lard.—The Earl of of Burt t as going o this eountry on the su subjeet from the — of his e 7 aid 
eupied the chair.— Mr. H 2 aia N fa he had no o doubt of the e e 1 1 5 rae 
‘subject, For several ages the farmers had applie derived 1 fromit, He | the en referred to the gre “sing hs would 80 fok Ghee, wat fos fortunately th 
Pplied 
‘means for = purpose of getting rid of water from the | o estate bya to them by such societies 
surface 0 2 r 
s the 
Science bad clearly proved that this . a vod Bak which farmers often met ri from the prevalence of | am addressing you as if I were n 
improper mode of getting rid of the surf; a highly | rainy s easons, peti Feb . M q farmer, and my means have been 
They now knew th = ace water. April, which in most cases more tl : en, ADU | pursuit. * my oa life I had the ad 
at rain was sent eds them for! lay upoi ore than equalled the out. that has taught me the importane 
Purposes; and that it was not the bint y upon a proper system of draining, he coneluded | about to engage in 192685 es, 
N ater off the Oe an by trusting he had said „ them to adopt = ccounts that has sinade m 5 
3 à N Ea roper : S s 
„they had found that the advantages derived by bi ac Ain tem obs 3 K and expressing his opinion — system, having alare. an 5 wro outi 
“aram descending it, was not like that th e sunk to a ene of 4 feet in character of a speculative farmer; b t 
1 the application of other water; bas ag He also hoped that what he had said might] Ppa ZS hag pees o an 7 nur 
bd 1 4 2 . . 
it down’ to = soil, and allowed to | by in due ect of provoking discussion on the subject, al has taught me never to hesita 
percolate, or run the earth, i 10 | by inducing others then present to state th ini og 
CCC. "ben EY) sree aac me 
land al coir: it that. matter which was 9 i 8 not attempt to add much after the very luminous 2 an ‘dy vocate = ‘hin com wing, ag fan an 
2 s 0 
— ee great benef ana met a all vegetation 8 1 bjeri had been brought under | principle o eo 17 E sees ane agro ‘Ete pay ) 
the rain to percolate into 0 the al. bee B 1% | thm Hi viewh on Feten aul inf enteg due Bad and deposited, thero he cr, g 
8 the means by e A snd seed had fallen, Te was from this 
= | ä by which a greater amoun of produce might | aon eoi; DARE UAR t on every year 
