OF THE NORTHWEST. 63 
Half a mile south of the afore-mentioned valley, on the south half of Section 15, 
Township 7 north, Range 5 west, of the 4th Principal Meridian, Burns and 
Miller procured about one hundred pounds of lead ore. 
Kast of the first locality, Hearn and Miller dug sixty feet, and followed an east 
and west lode, in which they obtained a small quantity of lead ore. 
All these discoveries were made in the Lower Magnesian Limestone, F. 2. 
In the same vicinity, on the south half of Sections 33, 34, and 35, Township 8 
north, Range 5 west, of the 4th Principal Meridian, there are vestiges of ancient 
diggings wrought by the aborigines. 
Between Yellow River and the Upper Iowa, Mr. A. L. Martin found several 
pieces of lead ore on the surface, weighing four to five ounces, and observed a 
place where the Indians must have excavated the hill in search of this ore. 
On the Upper Iowa River, in several places east and west, crevices were observed 
in the Lower Magnesian Limestone, presenting symptoms of being galeniferous, 
especially at a bend of that river where the stream flows over solid ledges of Lower 
Magnesian Limestone, with bold bluffs of the same on the south side. This place 
is eight or ten miles below the Big Spring, and by water, about sixty miles above 
the confluence of the Upper Iowa with the Mississippi. 
On the Wazi-oju, Mr. B. C. Macy, of the geological corps, saw a vein of lead ore 
of four inches in width, bearing nearly east and west, and ranging, apparently for 
the distance of one-half to three-quarters of a mile, through the Lower Magnesian 
Limestone. 
T’o the above may be added some interesting discoveries made in this formation, 
between Plum and Pine Creeks, tributaries of the Kickapoo. Between these 
streams, in the southwest corner of Section 26, Township 8 north, Range 5 west, 
of the 4th Principal Meridian, on the southeast slope of a hill, copper ore, associated 
with hematite, was found, and traced into a crevice traversing the lower cherty 
beds of this formation. On the opposite side of this hill no copper has yet been 
noticed; but, four miles beyond, in a north-northwest direction, on the slope of 
another hill of about the same elevation, similar copper ore was picked up.* 
About twenty miles north of the mouth of the Kickapoo, four miles west of it, 
and seven miles east of the copper range heretofore mentioned, in the valley of 
Hale’s Creek, lead ore has been obtained, apparently connected with an east and 
west lode. 
A heavy lode of lead ore is said also to have been discovered on the Half Breed 
tract, near the Wazi-oju, by Joseph Bison. This vein is represented as being from 
ten inches to a foot wide, and filled with galena embedded in the usual matrix of 
red, tenacious clay. 
Two miles below Bad Axe River, Mr. Pratten, of the geological corps, found 
lead ore attached to calcareous spar, which evidently fell from the cliff of the 
Lower Magnesian Limestone above the spot where the specimen was picked up. 
In the Winnebago Reserve, not far from the Iowa River, and a few miles north- 
west of the small town of Lansing, lead ore was found, in small quantities, chiefly 
in pockets and cavities. ’ 
* The samples of this ore which I analyzed yielded from 17 to 23 per cent. of copper. 
