OF WISCONSIN AND MINNESOTA. 155 
river, but no crystalline rocks are visible above the level of high water. The sand- 
stones at this locality are remarkable for their cross lines of deposition. 
The beds lie in the following succession, from above downwards, as measured by 
Mr. Randall : 
Feet, Tuches. 
1. Drift, , 10 
2. Soft, ‘white’ sassteeaiiaal with thin, sehitituae re reves itis beds, 10 
3. Fine pebbly sandstone, with oblique laminations, — . 8 
4. Hard, thin layers of sandstone, —.. ; 9 
5. Sendcas with brown streaks; schistose "es ‘oteaiasliatanl, 8 
6. Hard brown sandstone, in layers from 1 to 4 inches, 1 6 
7. Soft, white sandstone, with remarkable ae lines of deposition, 
the angles varying from 15° to 45°, 5 
8. Fine pebbly sandstone, 5 
9. Fine pebbly sandstone, with oblique lines of lamination, ‘ 6 
10. Schistose layers of sandstone ’ 6 
11. White sandstone, with hacer of fine pebbles : : 8 
12. Soft, white sandstone, 6 
13. Pebbly sandstone, the pebbles shout the size of a pea, 2 feet wouve 
water, 2 
These sandstones have a dip to the south-southwest, sometimes to the extent of 
10°. They are seen in the cuts of the streams to within a mile of Vermilion Rapids, 
where the pebbly sandstone is exposed for fifteen feet, overlying crystalline rocks, 
and shows apparent marks of disturbance and dislocation. Three miles west of this 
junction, Lingula sandstone, F. 1, ¢, caps the hills. 
Six or seven miles above Cut Rock, there is a portage of four and a half miles 
over Vermilion Rapids. Here there is a greater variety of rocks than on the Falls 
of the Chippewa. In the space of one mile, I observed fine and coarse-grained 
granite, with masses and veins of pink and white felspar, hornblende rock, gneiss 
traversed by veins of quartz and petrosilex, mica-slate passing into chlorite-slate. 
The lamination of the schistose rocks is nearly vertical, and their bearing at different 
places varies from 10° to 20° north and south of a due east and west course. At the 
time I was there, the high water prevented a critical examination ; but Mr. Randall, 
in his descent from the Manidowish, passed afterwards over this Raped, 3 in October, 
when the water was quite low, and made some additional observations. He found 
eneiss and hornblende rock to prevail; the former much contorted, and traversed 
by pyramidal dykes of massive quartz, running into a petrosiliceous rock of a gray 
colour. On the southeast bank, resting on the crystalline rocks, are drift deposits, in 
the following order : 
Soi ; ; : : ‘ a) 
eee light volot iga : 
Fine aril? pebbles not over half an 1 teks in : dadabeeles 
Coarse drift, pebbles chiefly crystalline and trappean rocks, 
Red, marly drift, pebbles chiefly red sandstone, 
Coarse drift, with dark yellow sand, 
= ee 
Po BN 
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