FOND DU LAC, LAKE SUPERIOR. oT1 
siliceous marl. Although the numerous islands and bars tend to complicate the 
navigation somewhat, for larger vessels, yet the rushes which spring up at every 
spot where the water is sufficiently shallow, form obvious marks for the guidance 
of a pilot unacquainted with the channel. 
The trading-house of the Fur Company is situated on the north shore of the 
river, and immediately opposite is the corner, not only of the Chippewa Land Dis- 
trict, but also of the State of Wisconsin. It is also the corner of the boundary lines, 
running south and east, between the lands ceded to the General Government by 
the Chippewas, in 1842, and those still held by that tribe east of the Mississippi. 
FOND DU LAC VILLAGE, ST. LOUIS RIVER. 
The village, represented in this cut, from asketch by Major Owen, is well situated, 
in Minnesota, on a rich alluvial bottom, which contains sufficient area for the site 
of a large city; and will become a place of great importance when steam naviga- 
tion comes to be extended up the Northern Mississippi as far as Sandy Lake, which 
will undoubtedly be done as soon as the Indian title to that portion of country is 
extinguished. 
Opposite the village, on the south bank, in Wisconsin, and for some distance 
below, three ancient lake terraces show themselves, rising in succession from the 
present level of the river banks. The highest one, which is best defined on the 
Minnesota side, immediately behind the village, is one hundred and twenty-five 
feet high; the lowest one, on the south side, on which Landry’s house stands, is 
about fifteen feet above the present banks; and the next terrace above, which is 
the middle one, rises to the height of twenty feet. 
There is every indication that the waters of the Lake basin once had their 
