444 MAGNETIC IRON-BEDS 
sponding fall, of thirty-two feet, over the trap-rocks. In ascending the gorge from 
the junction to the latter falls, we rise thirty-seven feet along a deep channel, in 
places thirty feet wide and seventy feet deep, its walls composed of a mixture of 
red breccia and red trap, in various states of hardness and of change. These falls 
present striking, rude, and picturesque views. 
On the east branch, the trap-rock is very changeable, lying in apparent overflows, 
of limited thickness, where red trap, amygdaloid greenstone, and quartzose, gray, 
and compact black trap, are seen alternately, dipping at high angles southerly and 
easterly. Here, as in the two preceding sections, there appears to be no sufficient 
evidence of regular veins, and consequently of valuable mineral. The sandstone, 
s, is a repetition of the ordinary red and variegated sand-rock of Lake Superior, 
standing on edge, as at the mouth of Montreal River. The conglomerate bed, c, 
is conformable to s, or nearly so; its strike, south and by west; its dip west and by 
north 85°, 87°, and 90°; it graduates into the red trap-bed ; so that it is not always 
easy to decide to which division the rock belongs. The conglomerate, as usual near 
the trap, has spots and seams of pure calcareous spar, extracted by the volcanic fires 
to which it has been subject. The slaty beds of sandstone near the conglomerate 
have disappeared; and not far west of this point, the trap itself is thought to be 
hidden under the red clay and drift. 
The specimens of the collections on the South Shore of Lake Superior, Nos. 60 
to 66, inclusive, represent the formations about the Falls of Tyler’s Fork. 
SECTION VI. 
MAGNETIC-IRON BEDS OF THE PENOKIE RANGE. 
THE most easterly appearance of magnetic iron which I observed was in fissile 
black slate, about four miles west of the Montreal Trail, along which the Section 
No. 4, W, is made. The bed lies back of the trappose range, about sixteen miles 
from the Lake, in a protrusion of metamorphic slates, the argillaceous portions merely 
tinged with iron. About four miles along the strike of the beds, southwest by 
west, the bed was seen by Mr. Randall, in 1848, in the Fourth Principal Meridian 
in Township 44° north, eighteen miles from the Lake. From thence I and my 
assistant, Mr. Beesly, an active woodsman, and faithful and acute observer, traced 
it at moderate intervals, along the uplift, to the west end of “ Lac des Anglais,” or 
about fifteen miles, to where the range terminates.* Here the metamorphic slates, 
that first show themselves between the Montreal River and the Montreal Trail, on 
the east, sink beneath the level of the country, and are replaced by syenitic rocks. 
By examining the Sections Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4, W, attached to this Report, the 
position of the iron-bearing rocks will be found to be the same in each; and the 
details of the rocky beds above and below the iron are also the same, so that we 
* There being but one surveyed line in the Bad River country, the distances are of course by approxi- 
mate estimation. 
