OF DODGE COUNTY, WISCONSIN. 449 
3. Next beneath the geodiferous, is a heavy bed of limestone, which Mr. Lapham calls, as a tempo- 
rary name, the “‘ Waukeshaw Limestone. 
The Waukeshaw Limestone, like the geodiferous and the corniferous, which over- 
lie it, dips to the east. It appears in the southeast part of Dodge County, leaving 
an undetermined space between its western outcrop and the eastern presentation 
of the upper magnesian or lead-bearing lime-rock, of about two townships, or twelve 
miles. It is in this interval, but doubtless in the same formation, that the iron ore 
occurs. It appears in the face of a bluff, looking westward, and running nearly 
north and south, parallel with that portion of Rock River between Horicon and 
Hustisville, and about four miles east of the river. 
It exists on the surface in small, flattened, oblong grains, like flaxseed, but only 
about half as large, with a bright, brownish-red colour, inclining in streaks to black 
or bluish black; has an unctuous, greasy, magnesian feel; soils the fingers and 
clothes badly, and gives a light blood-red tinge to water flowing through it, when 
newly dug. Farther down in the mass, where it has not been disturbed by dilu- 
vial forces, it is darker in colour, more compact, distinctly stratified, and occasion- 
ally stony. 
The following section of the “Iron Ridge” was taken at Mr. Theodore B. Ster- 
ling’s steam saw-mill, Section 13, T. 11, north range, 16° east of 4th Principal 
Meridian, the course being east and west. 
Ses 
c. Bluff of li , from which springs i a. Hidden from view. 6. Exposed stratified ore. e¢,e. Excavation, d, d. Large 
blocks of limestone. jf. Material removed. g. Coarse drift. 
The base of this section is the spring, at the spring-house, a few rods east of Mr. 
Sterling’s dwelling-house, which Mr. S. estimates at thirty feet above the surface of 
the dam at Hustisville, which is two hundred and ninety-five feet above Lake 
Michigan. The elevation of the spring above the river is probably greater than is 
here given. 
An excavation, e, ¢, has been made through the rubbish of the bluff to the ore in 
place, where a face of fifteen and a half feet is exposed. 
It was not practicable by inspection to determine the limit of the ore below the 
bottom of the cut e, e, although an iron bar had been thrust down four or five feet, 
without reaching any other deposit. On the upper face, judging from the shattered 
and tumbling state of the overlying lime-rock, there should be from five to eight 
feet of ore, or some soft stratum, above the exposed portion. If this conjecture is 
true, there is at least twenty-five feet of the ore in place. Passing along the bluff 
to the southward, it inclines to the east, and shows red ochre for more than half a 
mile, in some places on the same level, at others higher up the hill, especially 
where it takes a more regular slope, and the cliff is not seen. From the crest of 
the bluff, at the section, the level descends to the eastward, and ochre covers the 
57 
