Two ORNITHOLOGICAL NOTES. 25] 
berries, of which a number grow there. The bird was vir- 
tually all white, but had some dark feathers (they were hardly 
black) at the top of the head and low down on the neck. His 
beak was bright yellow, and altogether it had a very handsome 
and striking appearance. It appeared to be much more shy 
than most blackbirds, and seemed to know when it was under 
observation with field glasses, retiring out of sight into the 
wood. Food was regularly put down for it, on which it fed, 
but it did not appear to mate. It never seemed to move far 
from its habitat, but disappeared after three or four weeks. 
Such an occurrence deserves to be placed on record. 
Five Strathclyde and Galloway Charters—Four concerning 
Cardew, and One the Westmorland Newbigging, 
By the Rev. FREDERICK W. Race, M.A., F.R.Hist.S. 
1.—GoOSPATRIK’S CHARTER. 
This was shown to me first in 1902 by Mr R. H. Batiey 
of Lowther, whose care for ancient documents cannot be too 
highly praised, and was copied by me then, and the photograph 
which now appears in these Transactions was at that time 
taken by my urgent request; for recognising at once some of 
its difficulties and its value I[ felt a mere transcript insufficient. 
I could not then, however, publish. But after working 
amongst such Denton deeds as appear to remain at Lowther, 
and getting these, scattered and separated as they had long. 
been, into some sort of arrangement, I have been able to 
recognise the charter as one of these deeds, the first of the 
Cardew series, and I now return to it. 
Denton (Accompt of Estates and Families in Cumber- 
land) tells us that Cardew was held in the male line from early 
times! till the last of these owners sold it to a chaplain whom 
he names Berrington, who transferred it to the Bishop of 
Carlisle. In the existing charters about this transfer to 
Bishop de Halton, I do not read the name as Berrington, but 
1 He mentions some personal names of these, Thomas, Stephen, 
and William; others Adam, Henry, and Aldvss““all de Carthew— 
occur in the pipe Rolls of Heary DEL: 
