﻿151 
  

  

  THE 
  GENUS 
  CRE2LN0BATES, 
  SWAINSON. 
  

  

  By 
  C. 
  Hedley 
  and 
  H. 
  Suter. 
  

  

  B,eacl 
  \Zth 
  May, 
  1910. 
  

  

  A 
  NUMBER 
  of 
  specimens 
  of 
  Cremnolates 
  parva, 
  Swainson, 
  collected 
  by 
  

   Capt. 
  J. 
  Bollons, 
  of 
  the 
  New 
  Zealand 
  Government 
  S.S. 
  "Hinemoa" 
  at 
  

   the 
  Antipodes 
  Islands, 
  has 
  drawn 
  our 
  attention 
  to 
  this 
  genus, 
  which 
  

   has 
  been 
  ignored 
  by 
  most 
  conchologists. 
  

  

  The 
  genus 
  was 
  established 
  by 
  Swainson 
  in 
  Proc. 
  Roy. 
  Soc. 
  Van 
  

   Diemens 
  Land, 
  vol. 
  iii, 
  pt. 
  i, 
  p. 
  43, 
  pi. 
  vii, 
  fig. 
  1, 
  Januaiy, 
  1855. 
  

   It 
  is 
  not 
  Cremnohates, 
  Giinther, 
  1861 
  (Pisces), 
  nor 
  of 
  Blanford, 
  1863 
  

   (Mollusca). 
  The 
  genus 
  has 
  been 
  uniformly 
  omitted 
  by 
  all 
  recorders 
  

   and 
  monographers. 
  Three 
  species 
  are 
  enumerated 
  — 
  (1) 
  C. 
  cornea, 
  

   (2) 
  C. 
  parva, 
  (3) 
  C. 
  solida 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  first 
  is 
  Ophicardelus 
  australis, 
  

   Q,. 
  & 
  G., 
  and 
  the 
  third 
  Marinida 
  jjatula, 
  Lowe, 
  leaving 
  C. 
  parva 
  as 
  

   the 
  type 
  of 
  the 
  genus. 
  

  

  Swainson 
  gives 
  the 
  following 
  diagnosis 
  : 
  " 
  Animal 
  amphibious. 
  

   Shell 
  small, 
  oval. 
  Spire 
  rather 
  pointed, 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  aperture. 
  

   Aperture 
  not 
  contracted. 
  Pillar, 
  with 
  strong 
  plaits. 
  Inner 
  lip 
  thin, 
  

   smooth 
  inside." 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  diagnosis 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  is 
  based 
  on 
  the 
  Antipodes 
  

   Islands 
  specimens, 
  which 
  fortunately 
  contained 
  the 
  animals 
  preserved 
  

   in 
  alcohol. 
  

  

  Animal 
  (in 
  alcohol) 
  with 
  short 
  tentacles, 
  the 
  eyes 
  at 
  their 
  inner 
  

   bases 
  ; 
  foot 
  long 
  and 
  narrow, 
  truncated 
  in 
  front, 
  narrowly 
  rounded 
  

   and 
  simple 
  behind, 
  with 
  a 
  distinct 
  transverse 
  groove 
  at 
  the 
  anterior 
  

   third 
  of 
  length. 
  

  

  Jaw 
  horny, 
  arcuate, 
  with 
  a 
  median 
  projection 
  below, 
  and 
  a 
  shallow 
  

   sinus 
  above, 
  vertically 
  narrowly 
  striated, 
  the 
  cutting-edge 
  serrate. 
  

  

  Eadula 
  broad 
  and 
  long 
  with 
  numerous 
  transverse, 
  slightly 
  arcuate 
  

   rows 
  of 
  minute 
  teeth, 
  which 
  are 
  exceedingly 
  numerous, 
  with 
  a 
  long 
  

   and 
  narrow 
  base, 
  and 
  a 
  minute 
  cusp. 
  A 
  central 
  tooth 
  could 
  not 
  be 
  

   distinguished. 
  

  

  Shell 
  small, 
  oval, 
  smooth, 
  the 
  spire 
  as 
  high 
  as 
  the 
  aperture 
  or 
  

   a 
  little 
  less 
  ; 
  aperture 
  ovate, 
  not 
  contracted 
  ; 
  the 
  outer 
  lip 
  thin 
  and 
  

   simple 
  ; 
  columella 
  with 
  two 
  strong 
  plaits 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  half. 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  — 
  The 
  type, 
  stated 
  to 
  be 
  in 
  Dr. 
  Milligan's 
  collection, 
  

   is 
  from 
  Oyster 
  Cove, 
  near 
  Hobart, 
  Tasmania, 
  and 
  a 
  second 
  locality 
  

   is 
  the 
  Antipodes 
  Islands. 
  The 
  following 
  species 
  are 
  no 
  doubt 
  also 
  

   members 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  1. 
  Marinula 
  Maindroni, 
  Velain, 
  Archiv 
  Zool. 
  Exper., 
  vol. 
  vi, 
  

   p. 
  126, 
  pi. 
  iv, 
  fig. 
  26, 
  1877, 
  from 
  Amsterdam 
  Island. 
  

  

  2. 
  Marinula 
  ni(/ra, 
  Philippi 
  : 
  Yelain, 
  op. 
  cit., 
  p. 
  125, 
  pi. 
  iv, 
  fig. 
  25, 
  

   from 
  Tristan 
  da 
  Cunha, 
  St. 
  Pauls 
  and 
  Amsterdam. 
  

  

  Thus 
  the 
  genus 
  would 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  of 
  circum-Antarctic 
  distribution. 
  

  

  