﻿258 
  PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  XUE 
  MALACOLOGICAL 
  SOCIETY. 
  

  

  " 
  136. 
  Liotia, 
  Gray, 
  Syn., 
  1840. 
  Belphimda, 
  sp. 
  Gray, 
  Sow. 
  Bel. 
  

   cancellata, 
  Gray 
  ". 
  Thus 
  definitely 
  it 
  is 
  stated 
  that 
  the 
  type 
  of 
  Liotia 
  

   is 
  the 
  shell 
  described 
  as 
  Belpliinula 
  canceUata, 
  Gray. 
  That 
  species 
  

   was 
  introduced 
  in 
  the 
  Spic. 
  Zool., 
  1828, 
  p. 
  3, 
  from 
  Arica, 
  Peru, 
  and 
  

   there 
  the 
  operculum 
  is 
  described 
  as 
  horny. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  iFig. 
  Mollusc. 
  Anim., 
  vol. 
  iv^, 
  p. 
  88, 
  1850, 
  Gray 
  provided 
  

   a 
  family 
  Liotiadse, 
  with 
  the 
  diagnosis 
  "Operculum 
  horny, 
  with 
  an 
  

   external 
  calcareous 
  coat 
  formed 
  of 
  numerous 
  separate 
  pearl-like 
  shelly 
  

   particles 
  placed 
  in 
  spiral 
  lines 
  ". 
  The 
  first 
  genus 
  is 
  — 
  ^'■Liotia, 
  n. 
  136. 
  

   Shell 
  variced; 
  lips 
  thick. 
  1. 
  L. 
  granulosa, 
  Belpliinula 
  g., 
  Dunker. 
  

   2. 
  L. 
  Krausii, 
  Solarium 
  cancellatum, 
  Kr. 
  3. 
  L. 
  cancellata, 
  Belph. 
  c, 
  

   Gr&j=B. 
  Cohiensis.''^ 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  of 
  much 
  interest 
  for 
  two 
  reasons 
  : 
  first, 
  Gray's 
  type 
  has 
  

   taken 
  third 
  place 
  ; 
  second, 
  none 
  of 
  the 
  three 
  species 
  quoted 
  agrees 
  

   with 
  the 
  generic 
  diagnosis 
  given, 
  and 
  only 
  of 
  the 
  last 
  was 
  the 
  

   operculum 
  known, 
  so 
  that 
  their 
  reference 
  to 
  the 
  family 
  was 
  quite 
  

   doubtful. 
  Bunker's 
  Belpliinula 
  granulosa 
  has 
  been 
  identified 
  with 
  

   C. 
  granulata, 
  A. 
  Ad., 
  for 
  which 
  H. 
  and 
  A. 
  Adams 
  introduced 
  Cynisca 
  

   (Gen. 
  E,ec. 
  Moll., 
  vol. 
  i, 
  p. 
  406, 
  1854), 
  and 
  I 
  believe 
  the 
  opercular 
  

   characters 
  are 
  yet 
  unknown, 
  whilst 
  the 
  shell 
  is 
  not 
  variced. 
  Ivrauss' 
  

   Solarium 
  cancellatum, 
  known 
  to 
  me 
  only 
  by 
  figures, 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  

   a 
  thin 
  unvariced 
  shell 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  operculum 
  is 
  unknown. 
  Try 
  on 
  

   transferred 
  it 
  to 
  Homalogyra, 
  but 
  it 
  requires 
  some 
  other 
  resting-place. 
  

   As 
  pointed 
  out 
  above, 
  Graj-'s 
  own 
  cancellata 
  has 
  a 
  horny 
  operculum, 
  

   and 
  the 
  shell 
  is 
  not 
  variced, 
  whilst 
  of 
  its 
  lips 
  he 
  wrote 
  " 
  peristomate 
  

   orbiculari 
  completo, 
  margine 
  tenui". 
  H. 
  and 
  A. 
  Adams 
  (Gen. 
  Kec. 
  

   Moll., 
  vol. 
  i, 
  p. 
  403, 
  1854) 
  reduced 
  Gray's 
  family 
  to 
  sub-family 
  rank 
  

   under 
  Trochidae. 
  They 
  gave 
  as 
  examples 
  L. 
  Peronii, 
  Kiener, 
  animal 
  

   and 
  operculum, 
  and 
  L. 
  scalarioides, 
  Eeeve. 
  These 
  species 
  agreed 
  with 
  

   Gray's 
  1850 
  diagnosis, 
  and 
  have 
  usually 
  been 
  regarded 
  as 
  typical. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  a 
  group 
  of 
  molluscs 
  agreeing 
  with 
  Belpliinula 
  cancellata, 
  

   Gray, 
  and 
  to 
  these 
  must 
  be 
  restricted 
  the 
  name 
  Liotia. 
  Their 
  

   relationship 
  with 
  the 
  Peronii-\\ke 
  molluscs 
  seems 
  to 
  me 
  quite 
  

   doubtful, 
  and 
  I 
  would 
  quite 
  separate 
  the 
  latter 
  from 
  the 
  true 
  Liotia. 
  

   There 
  seem 
  to 
  be 
  few 
  aspirants 
  for 
  the 
  vacant 
  position. 
  Arene 
  was 
  

   proposed 
  as 
  a 
  sub-genus 
  of 
  Liotia 
  by 
  H. 
  and 
  A. 
  Adams 
  (loc. 
  cit., 
  

   p. 
  404) 
  with 
  the 
  characters 
  " 
  Shell 
  radiately 
  painted 
  with 
  red 
  ; 
  whorls 
  

   muricated, 
  the 
  last 
  stellate 
  at 
  the 
  periphery, 
  or 
  angulated 
  and 
  keeled 
  ; 
  

   peritreme 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  varicose 
  ". 
  As 
  species 
  were 
  quoted 
  " 
  cruentata, 
  

   Muhlf., 
  muricata. 
  Humph., 
  and 
  Tamsiana, 
  Dkr." 
  If 
  we 
  take 
  the 
  

   first 
  species 
  as 
  type, 
  according 
  to 
  Dall 
  (Bull. 
  Mus. 
  Comp. 
  Zool., 
  

   vol. 
  xviii, 
  p. 
  386, 
  1889) 
  its 
  opercular 
  characters 
  are 
  — 
  " 
  In 
  Arene 
  

   cruentata 
  I 
  find 
  the 
  operculum 
  solid, 
  thick, 
  multispiral, 
  with 
  hardly 
  

   a 
  trace 
  of 
  horny 
  matter, 
  except 
  at 
  the 
  margin. 
  Externally 
  it 
  is 
  

   concave, 
  with 
  a 
  small 
  central 
  pit 
  corresponding 
  to 
  a 
  small 
  round 
  

   elevation 
  on 
  the 
  inner 
  side." 
  The 
  only 
  other 
  name 
  I 
  can 
  trace 
  

   applicable 
  to 
  the 
  Peronii 
  group 
  is 
  Liotina, 
  introduced 
  by 
  Pischer 
  

   (Man. 
  de 
  Conch., 
  p. 
  831, 
  1885) 
  as 
  of 
  Munier-Chalmas, 
  the 
  type 
  

   of 
  which 
  is 
  the 
  fossil 
  L. 
  Gervillei, 
  Defrance. 
  Of 
  course 
  we 
  do 
  not 
  

   know 
  the 
  opercular 
  characters 
  of 
  the 
  fossil, 
  but 
  conchologically 
  the 
  

  

  i 
  

  

  