﻿SMITH 
  : 
  ON' 
  THE 
  GENUS 
  VULSELLA. 
  307 
  

  

  Three 
  species 
  admitted, 
  viz., 
  V. 
  lingulata, 
  Lamk. 
  ; 
  minor, 
  Chemn. 
  ; 
  

   and 
  Mans, 
  Lamk. 
  

  

  1884. 
  De 
  Gregorio, 
  Bull. 
  Soc. 
  Mai. 
  Ital., 
  vol. 
  x, 
  pp. 
  49-72, 
  

   pis. 
  i-v 
  ; 
  vol. 
  xi, 
  pp. 
  120-2. 
  In 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  already 
  named 
  so- 
  

   called 
  species, 
  the 
  author 
  has 
  here 
  invented 
  twenty-one 
  names 
  for 
  

   supposed 
  distinct 
  forms. 
  Nearly 
  all 
  of 
  these 
  are, 
  I 
  consider, 
  mere 
  

   mutations, 
  and 
  hardly 
  that, 
  of 
  F". 
  rugosa 
  of 
  Lamarck. 
  

  

  1886. 
  Cooke, 
  Ann. 
  Mag. 
  Nat. 
  Hist, 
  vol. 
  xvii, 
  pp 
  59-67. 
  No 
  

   new 
  forms 
  described. 
  A 
  criticism 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  described 
  by 
  Keeve 
  

   and 
  by 
  Lamarck, 
  the 
  latter 
  of 
  which 
  lie 
  had 
  never 
  seen. 
  The 
  works 
  

   of 
  Bolten, 
  Munier-Chalmas, 
  Duuker, 
  and 
  de 
  Gregorio 
  appear 
  to 
  have 
  

   been 
  unhiown 
  to 
  Mr. 
  Cooke 
  ! 
  V. 
  NuttalU 
  of 
  Conrad 
  included 
  in 
  his 
  

   list 
  belongs 
  to 
  the 
  genus 
  Malleus. 
  

  

  1890. 
  Clessin, 
  Kiister's 
  Conch. 
  Cab., 
  Malleacea, 
  pp. 
  16-25, 
  

   pis. 
  v-vii. 
  This 
  monograph 
  is 
  a 
  verj- 
  poor 
  production, 
  founded 
  

   mainly 
  on 
  Reeve's 
  work, 
  and 
  most 
  crudely 
  illustrated, 
  the 
  figures 
  in 
  

   many 
  cases 
  being 
  merely 
  bad 
  reproductions 
  of 
  those 
  in 
  the 
  Conchologia 
  

   Iconic 
  a. 
  

  

  After 
  carefully 
  studying 
  the 
  works 
  mentioned, 
  and 
  the 
  collections 
  

   at 
  my 
  disposal, 
  I 
  am 
  of 
  opinion 
  that 
  four 
  species 
  are 
  retainable, 
  

   namely, 
  V. 
  vulsella, 
  V. 
  attenuata, 
  V. 
  rugosa, 
  and 
  V. 
  spongiarum. 
  I 
  do 
  

   not 
  agree 
  with 
  Mr. 
  Cooke 
  in 
  the 
  manner 
  in 
  which 
  he 
  has 
  referred 
  

   some 
  of 
  Eeeve's 
  specimens 
  to 
  these 
  ; 
  for 
  instance, 
  crenulata, 
  isocardia, 
  

   dilatata, 
  lingua-felis, 
  part, 
  and 
  '■^rugosa. 
  Reeve 
  (non 
  Lam.)", 
  I 
  place 
  

   under 
  V. 
  rugosa 
  and 
  not 
  under 
  spongiarum. 
  Also 
  V. 
  trita, 
  Reeve, 
  

   is 
  certainly 
  only 
  a 
  stunted 
  V. 
  vulsella, 
  and 
  not 
  V. 
  spongiarum. 
  

  

  The 
  work 
  of 
  de 
  Gregorio 
  has 
  made 
  the 
  study 
  of 
  this 
  genus 
  

   hopeless 
  for 
  those 
  who 
  cannot 
  have 
  his 
  types 
  for 
  examination. 
  

   I 
  regard 
  his 
  paper 
  as 
  descriptive 
  of 
  individual 
  specimens 
  only, 
  often 
  

   in 
  bad, 
  dead 
  condition, 
  or 
  young 
  shells. 
  Then 
  there 
  is 
  the 
  uncertainty 
  

   of 
  their 
  habitat. 
  Although 
  the 
  author 
  was 
  assured 
  by 
  the 
  seller 
  of 
  

   the 
  sponges 
  from 
  which 
  they 
  were 
  extracted 
  that 
  they 
  were 
  

   Mediterranean, 
  it 
  seems 
  almost 
  certain 
  that 
  they 
  came 
  from 
  the 
  

   Red 
  Sea. 
  

  

  Genus 
  VULSELLA, 
  Bolten. 
  

   1. 
  Vulsella 
  ydlsella 
  (Linn.). 
  

  

  3£ya 
  vulsella, 
  Linn., 
  Syst. 
  Nat., 
  10th 
  ed., 
  p. 
  671, 
  1758; 
  12th 
  ed., 
  

  

  p. 
  1113; 
  Gmelin, 
  vol. 
  vi, 
  p. 
  3219. 
  

   Vulsella 
  vulsella, 
  de 
  Gregorio, 
  Bull. 
  Soc. 
  Mai. 
  Ital., 
  vol. 
  x, 
  p. 
  66, 
  

  

  pi. 
  V, 
  figs. 
  1-lc. 
  

   V. 
  major, 
  Bolten, 
  Mus. 
  Bolt., 
  1798, 
  p. 
  156. 
  

   V. 
  lingulata, 
  Lamarck, 
  Anim. 
  s. 
  Vert., 
  vol. 
  vi, 
  p. 
  221, 
  1819; 
  Encycl. 
  

  

  Method., 
  pi. 
  178, 
  fig. 
  4 
  ; 
  Reeve, 
  Conch. 
  Icon., 
  vol. 
  xi, 
  fig. 
  6 
  ; 
  

  

  Adams, 
  Genera 
  Moll., 
  pi. 
  cxxii, 
  figs. 
  4, 
  Aa 
  ; 
  Clessin, 
  Conch. 
  

  

  Cab., 
  Malleacea, 
  pi. 
  v, 
  fig. 
  4 
  ; 
  Dunker, 
  Jahrb. 
  deutsch. 
  Malak. 
  

  

  Ges., 
  1875, 
  p. 
  2; 
  Vaillant, 
  L'Institut, 
  No. 
  1645, 
  p. 
  222, 
  

  

  1865; 
  Comptes 
  Rendus, 
  vol. 
  Ixvi, 
  pp. 
  1122-5, 
  1868; 
  Ann. 
  Sci. 
  

  

  VOL. 
  IX. 
  — 
  JUNE, 
  1911. 
  22 
  

  

  