﻿364 
  PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  MALACOLOGICAL 
  SOCIETY. 
  

  

  almost 
  similar 
  character 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  tlie 
  Austrian 
  district 
  of 
  

   Slavonia. 
  

  

  The 
  ])reseut 
  commimicatiou 
  has 
  been 
  prepared, 
  therefore, 
  to 
  revive 
  

   an 
  interest 
  in 
  an 
  almost 
  forgotten 
  account 
  of 
  some 
  lacustrine 
  mollusca 
  

   of 
  late 
  Tertiary 
  age, 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Island 
  of 
  Cos, 
  Asia 
  Minor, 
  written 
  

   by 
  the 
  authors 
  referred 
  to, 
  which 
  dealt 
  with 
  certain 
  variations 
  of 
  

   sculpture 
  noticeable 
  in 
  Viviparus 
  and 
  associated 
  shells 
  according 
  to 
  

   their 
  vertical 
  arrangement 
  in 
  the 
  deposits, 
  such 
  changes 
  being 
  regarded 
  

   as 
  attributable 
  to 
  physical 
  causes, 
  involving 
  alterations 
  in 
  the 
  com- 
  

   position 
  of 
  the 
  waters, 
  which 
  operated 
  on 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  shells 
  during 
  

   their 
  periods 
  of 
  development. 
  The 
  notice 
  was 
  first 
  published 
  as 
  an 
  

   ' 
  abstract' 
  in 
  1846 
  in 
  the 
  Fifteenth 
  lieport 
  of 
  the 
  British 
  Association 
  

   (p. 
  59)^ 
  under 
  the 
  title 
  : 
  " 
  On 
  a 
  remarkable 
  phenomenon 
  presented 
  

   by 
  the 
  Fossils 
  in 
  the 
  Freshwater 
  Tertiary 
  of 
  the 
  Island 
  of 
  Cos," 
  the 
  

   full 
  paper 
  being 
  included 
  in 
  the 
  authors' 
  work 
  on 
  Travels 
  in 
  Lycia, 
  

   vol. 
  ii, 
  pp. 
  199-206, 
  1847, 
  illustrated 
  by 
  woodcuts 
  of 
  Gastropodous 
  

   shells 
  and 
  a 
  geological 
  section, 
  a 
  reprint 
  of 
  whicli 
  was 
  published 
  in 
  

   the 
  same 
  year 
  in 
  the 
  Edhihurcjli 
  New 
  Philosophical 
  Journal^ 
  vol. 
  xlii, 
  

   No. 
  84, 
  pi. 
  iii, 
  pp. 
  271-5, 
  1847, 
  but 
  with 
  the 
  somewhat 
  different 
  

   title 
  : 
  "On 
  the 
  Tertiaries 
  of 
  the 
  Island 
  of 
  Cos. 
  With 
  a 
  plate 
  of 
  Fossil 
  

   Shells." 
  

  

  In 
  presenting 
  an 
  explanation 
  of 
  the 
  views 
  of 
  these 
  early 
  observers, 
  

   it 
  might 
  be 
  only 
  necessary 
  to 
  quote 
  the 
  British 
  Association 
  ' 
  abstract', 
  

   yet 
  it 
  seems 
  desirable 
  to 
  reprint 
  the 
  paper 
  itself 
  in 
  extenso, 
  as 
  it 
  

   appeared 
  in 
  the 
  Travuh 
  in 
  Lycia, 
  where 
  no 
  doubt 
  it 
  has 
  hitherto 
  been 
  

   somewhat 
  overlooked, 
  having 
  largely 
  escaped 
  the 
  notice 
  of 
  subsequent 
  

   students 
  engaged 
  in 
  molluscan 
  researches. 
  This 
  will 
  now 
  be 
  given, 
  

   together 
  with 
  a 
  photographic 
  reproduction 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  figures 
  of 
  

   the 
  shells 
  and 
  sketch 
  section 
  of 
  the 
  deposits. 
  

  

  " 
  When 
  describing 
  the 
  freshwater 
  Tertiaries 
  of 
  the 
  Valley 
  of 
  the 
  Xanthus, 
  we 
  

   referred 
  to 
  similar 
  tertiaries 
  in 
  the 
  Island 
  of 
  Cos. 
  These 
  were 
  visited 
  by 
  us, 
  

   on 
  our 
  voyage 
  from 
  Rhodes 
  to 
  rejoin 
  the 
  ' 
  Beacon 
  ', 
  after 
  leaving 
  Lycia. 
  

   They 
  present 
  phenomena 
  of 
  striking 
  interest 
  and 
  importance, 
  and 
  as 
  they 
  bear 
  

   on 
  the 
  question 
  of 
  the 
  possibility 
  of 
  a 
  transmutation 
  of 
  species, 
  we 
  cannot 
  do 
  

   better 
  than 
  append 
  a 
  notice 
  of 
  them 
  to 
  this 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  geology 
  of 
  Lycia. 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  freshwater 
  Tertiaries 
  of 
  Cos 
  are 
  of 
  considerable 
  extent.^ 
  They 
  appear 
  

   to 
  belong 
  to 
  the 
  same 
  geological 
  period 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  valleys 
  of 
  Xanthus 
  

   and 
  Cibyra. 
  

  

  " 
  We 
  have 
  seen 
  that 
  those 
  Lycian 
  freshwater 
  beds 
  were 
  of 
  date 
  posterior 
  

   to 
  the 
  Miocene 
  marine 
  formations 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  region. 
  Thus 
  we 
  get 
  an 
  ante- 
  

   date 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  Cos 
  we 
  get 
  a 
  distinct 
  after-date, 
  for 
  there 
  the 
  same 
  beds, 
  or 
  

   what 
  were 
  probably 
  beds 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  age, 
  form 
  the 
  walls 
  of 
  a 
  Tertiary 
  basin 
  of 
  

   later 
  date. 
  This 
  basin 
  consists 
  of 
  a 
  well-defined 
  series 
  of 
  marine 
  deposits, 
  

   containing 
  numerous 
  newer 
  Pliocene 
  fossils, 
  identical 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  Rhodes 
  

   and 
  Sicily. 
  The 
  Cos 
  freshwater 
  beds, 
  and 
  those 
  of 
  Lycia, 
  may 
  therefore 
  be 
  

   regarded 
  as 
  older 
  Pliocene 
  at 
  latest. 
  [Then 
  follows 
  a 
  notice 
  of 
  the 
  marine 
  

   newer 
  Pliocene 
  beds] 
  . 
  . 
  

  

  ^ 
  The 
  present 
  writer 
  is 
  indebted 
  to 
  Dr. 
  A. 
  S. 
  Woodward, 
  F.R.S., 
  for 
  directing 
  

  

  his 
  attention 
  to 
  this 
  paper. 
  

   - 
  According 
  to 
  De 
  Lapparent 
  they 
  attain 
  an 
  altitude 
  of 
  380 
  metres 
  {Trait 
  A 
  de 
  

  

  Geologic, 
  5th 
  ed., 
  p. 
  1642, 
  1906). 
  

  

  