1882. | PROF. DUNCAN ON CORALS FROM MADEIRA. 213 
8. On some Recent Corals from Madeira. By Prof. P. 
Martin Duncan, M.B. (Lond.), F.R.S., Pres. Royal 
Micros. Soc., &c. (Communicated by the Secretary.) 
[Received January 19, 1882.] 
(Plate VIII.) 
In the autumn of 1881, Mr. J. Y. Johnson, of Madeira, sent me 
a small collection of Corals which he had obtained, from a few 
fathoms depth, in the sea off Funchal and other places near the 
island. Some of the specimens were adherent by their bases to a 
small species of oyster, and others to the bases of Gorgonide. As 
the collection has species in it representing the Mediterranean, Flori- 
dan, and North-Atlantic deep-sea coral-faunas, I thought that its 
description would be of some importance. The new species are 
three in number; and two of them are very interesting. One, Cerato- 
trochus johnsoni, belongs to a genus which has a recent species on 
' the American side of the Atlantic and fossil forms in the Mediter- 
ranean Pliocene and Miocene and in the Australian Miocene strata. 
Another, Caryophyllia endothecata, reveals a decided interseptal 
structure like the endotheca of the family Astrzeidee. 
Description of the Species, and Remarks. 
MADREPORARIA. 
Section APOROSA. 
Family TURBINOLIIDS. 
Subfamily Caryophylline. 
Genus Caryoruy.uis, Milne-Edwards & Haime. 
This genus and its divisions were noticed at some length in the 
description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expedition 
of H.M.S. ‘ Porcupine,’ published in the ‘Transactions’ of the 
Society, vol. viii. pt. v. 1873. It is not necessary, therefore, to 
recapitulate, and especially as there has been no increase of know- 
ledge on the subject of any importance since that date. 
There are some fine specimens from Madeira of a species of Caryo- 
phyllia which was not obtained during the ‘ Porcupine’ expedition, 
but which is a very well-known Mediterranean form. The specimens 
came up in deep water off Madeira, attached to a valve of Ostrea 
cochlea, which, in its turn, rested upon a hexactinellid sponge. 
One specimen was mature ; a second was smaller ; and there were two 
very small individuals. The larger specimen has the parts above the 
base perfect ; but Cliona-borings have destroyed the broad base of 
attachment, 
