216 PROF. P. MARTIN DUNCAN ON [Feb. 7, 
inwards to join the twisted trabeculz of the columella. The septa 
are marked low down by oblique rows of granules; but there is not a 
trace of any endotheca. 
CARYOPHYLLIA CLAVUS, Scacchi, var. TINCTA. 
The common British shallow-water coral is represented by a form 
at Madeira which cannot be separated from it specifically. Indeed 
it seems to be a simple variety, having a small columella, fewer 
septa, smaller pali; and the tint of the columella is pearly white, 
whilst that of the septa and coste is reddish brown. The British 
variety smithi of Stokes is white, and is found below tide-mark in 
Devonshire. 
The corallum is short, with a broad incrusting base, an ephitheca 
reaching far towards the margin ; there are well-developed granular 
costze above the epitheca, some projecting, and four complete cycles 
of septa with some orders of the fifth. The calice is deep, slightly 
elliptical in outline; and the columella is small, elongate and narrow, 
and is formed of a few tall twisted ribbon-shaped processes. The 
primary septa are exsert ; and the secondaries are lessso. The pali 
are small, and are before the third cycle of septa. 
The granulation of the sides of the septa is in arched rows, one 
above the other ; and the lateral projection of the granules from the 
free inner ends of the septa is decided. 
Length of the calice inch. 
Subdivision CARYOPHYLLIZ ENDOTHECATA. 
Amongst this collection of corals from Madeira is one which, 
whilst it presents all the characters of the genus Caryophyllia, pos- 
sesses a distinct endotheca between its septa, occluding more or less 
the interseptal loculi here and there. 
It is a most important form, especially when it is considered in 
relation to Asterosmilia, a genus of Trochocyathacez or Caryo- 
phylliz with a double row of pali, and possessing endothecal dis- 
sepiments ; for the possession of an endotheca has been considered 
to be of sufficient classificatory value to place genera with and 
without it in different families. 
I propose including the new form amongst the species of Caryo- 
phyllia, giving it a subgeneric position. 
CARYOPHYLLIA ENDOTHECATA, sp. noy. (Plate VIII. figs. 1-4.) 
The coral is small, with a broad flat base, from which rises a more 
or less cylindrical body slightly constricted above the base, and 
narrowed and reentering at the calicular margin somewhat. 
The calice is circular in outline, rather shallow near the margins, 
but much deeper at the columella, which consists of four or five dis- 
tinct nodules. The septa are unequal, well apart, slightly exsert 
according to the order, and dip down, not reaching the columella. 
They are thin, slightly wavy in some instances ; and the size of the 
primaries and secondaries distinguishes them. There are four 
cycles of septa in five systems and in one half of the sixth; but in 
