1882. | DR. GADOW ON THE ANATOMY OF PYEROCLES. 323 
out at the upper and lower end of the crop. The glands are nearly 
equally distributed over the inner lining of its walls, and are arranged 
in very irregular longitudinal folds. 
The proventriculus of Pterocles is a long oval, and comparatively 
small ; its walls are thick and full of glands, which are “ ovoidal and 
simple as in the Pigeon and Plover, not botryoidal as in the Grouse 
and Fowls.”’ 
The ventriculus or gizzard is of a subquadrangular shape, much 
flattened and very muscular, showing on the right and on the left 
side a speculum tendinosum ; the posterior wall is deeply bent in 
Fig. 3. 
Right lateral view of intestines of Péerocles arenarius, 
re, right cecum ; I, II, III, IV, intestinal loops. 
towards the middle line. Its inner lining consists of a hardened and 
much thickened excreted mass, without however forming any dis- 
tinct triturating planes. 
The duodenum, ileum, and rectum form four distinct ‘‘ closed” 
loops, which are arranged as follows :—The first, or duodenal loop 
is very short and straight, as it only extends over the posterior mar- 
gin of the gizzard; its diameter is slightly larger than that of the 
ileum ; the length of the duodenal loop in Péerocles is about 4°5 
