1882. | ON THE TRACHEA OF MANUCODIA ATRA ETC. 347 
2. On the Convoluted Trachea of two Species of Manucode 
(Manucodia atra and Phonygama gouldi) ; with Remarks 
on similar Structures in other Birds. By W. A. Forsgs, 
B.A., Prosector to the Society. 
[ Received March 21, 1882.] 
The subcutaneous convolution on the pectoral muscles of the 
trachea in the Manucodes of the genera (or subgenera) Manucodia 
and Phonygama, originally described and figured by Lesson in 
Phonygama keraudreni so long ago as 1826", has lately excited con- 
siderable attention, Prof. Pavesi? having shown that a similar struc- 
ture, though less developed, exists in Manucodia chalybeata, and Dr. 
Meyer® having demonstrated the same for its representative form 
M. jobiensis. From their figures and observations it is clear :— 
1. That the trachea of Phonygama *‘ keraudreni”’ * may be convo- 
luted in both sexes, that of the males being most complicated, 
consisting, when best developed, of a complete spiral of several 
coils, whilst in younger males, and females, it is reduced to a simple 
loop with a bend to the right. 
Intermediate forms of all kinds are to be found, as shown by 
Pavesi’s interesting series of figures. 
2. That in Manucodia chalybeata and M. jobiensis the adult 
males possess a trachea provided with a simple loop, extending 
about two thirds down the surface of the pectoral muscles. This is 
apparently absent in the females and young males. 
The specimen, a male, of Manucodia atra, purchased by the 
Society on March 19, 1881 °, having died on March 11th inst., I have 
now been enabled to examine the condition of the trachea in this 
species also. As will be seen from the drawing I exhibit (figure, 
p- 348), representing it év s¢tu, it too is convoluted, but to a much 
smaller extent, only forming a short loop lying on the interclavicular 
air-cell, between the rami of the furcula, much as in many specimens 
of the genusCrax. This quite confirms D’ Albertis’s description given 
by Count Salvadori®. In the female the trachea will probably be 
found to be quite simple. 
Of Phonygama gouldi, the Australian representative of P. kerau- 
dreni, I have been euabled to examine three detached trachez, as 
well as three entire birds collected at Cape York by H.MLS. 
1 Voyage de la ‘ Coquille,’ Atlas, pl. xiii. fig. 2. 
2 Ann. Mus. Genova, vi. pp. 513-324, pl. x., and ix. pp. 66-77. 
5 Abbildungen Vogel-Skeleten, pl. vii. a, p. 5. 
4 All but one of Pavesi’s specimens (fig. 6 of his second paper) are, it is to be 
observed, really P. gouldi, haying been obtained at Cape York by D’Albertis. 
® On its arrival it was supposed to belong to the species M. viridis (seu 
chalybeata), and was noticed as such (P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 450). 
5 “Non pare che questa specie possegga vere circonyoluzioni externe della 
trachea, ma, secondo le osservazioni del D’Albertis, i maschi adulti avrebbero 
soltanto un’ ansa piegata ad § nella fossetta della forchetta.”—Ornitologia della 
Papuasia e delle Molucche, ii. p. 509, 
