360 PROF. W. H. FLOWER ON THE EDENTATA. [Apr, 18, 
Cycloturus. 3. The Dasypop1p&, which may be divided into two 
sections, one containing the genus Zatusia, which, in the presence of 
milk-teeth, the structure of the fore feet, as well as in many characters 
of the visceral anatomy, stands apart from all the other Armadillos’ ; 
and another, including the genera Dasypus, Xenurus, Priodon, Toly- 
peutes, and Chlamydophorus, which are clearly all modifications of 
a common type, although the last-named shows such a striking 
difference in the character of its dermal armature that it might make a 
section apart, if its internal structure were not so closely similar to that 
of Dasypus. 4. The Manip, containing about seven species, the 
slight modifications of which are scarcely worthy of being considered 
generic. 5. The Orycrreroropip, with one genus containing 
two closely allied local forms and species. The three first-named 
families are inhabitants of the New, the last two of the Old World. 
The families of which all the members are extinct are the Mrca- 
THERIIDZ and GLyPropONTID&, both American and post-Tertiary, 
the one related to the Bradypodide, and the other to the Dasypo- 
dide. ‘The Tertiary forms are less known; but those of the New 
World may be provisionally grouped under Marsh’s name of Moro- 
PODID&#, and those of the Old World as MaAcROTHERIIDA. 
As to the mutual relationship of these families, it has been 
customary with all recent zoologists to group them into two divisions, 
often called suborders :—the PoyLLopHaGa, PHyTopHaGa, or Tar- 
DIGRADA, containing the Bradypodide alone; and the Enromo- 
PHAGA or VERMILINGUA, including all the others, unless, as in 
some systems, Orycteropus is placed apart as forming a distinct 
section. 
Whether these distinct suborders are adopted, or the families 
merely arranged in their supposed relationship, the Old-World Ant- 
eaters, or Manide@, are invariably closely associated with the New- 
World Anteaters or the Myrmecophagide, and the latter are widely 
separated from the Sloths. 
This being (I think I am not wrong in saying) the view universally 
accepted at the present time, it is my purpose to investigate it a 
little more closely than has hitherto been done, and to see whether 
it is really based upon important structural relations, or only upon 
what may be called superficial or adaptive modifications. 
The bonds which unite the Manide to the Myrmecophagide are 
mainly to be found in the structure of the mouth, especially the 
extensile character of the tongue, the great development of the sub- 
maxillary glands, and absence of teeth. These characters are 
exactly analogous to those found in the Echidna among Monotremes, 
the Woodpeckers among Birds, and the Chameleon among Reptiles. 
The explanation probably lies in the fact that in countries where 
termites and similar insects flourish, various distinct forms of verte- 
brates have become modified in special relation to this abundance 
of nutritious food, which could only be made available by a peculiar 
structure of the alimentary organs. 
1 See Garrod, “ Notes on the Anatomy of Tolypeutes tricinctus, with remarks 
on other Armadillos,” Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 222. 
