574 PROF. OWEN ON TRICHINA SPIRALIS. {June 20, 
in the University of Heidelberg at that date, and runs as follows :— 
« Prof. Tiedemann has found in the body of a man who was ex- 
cessively addicted to drinking brandy, and who died from dropsy 
after several violent attacks of gout, white, stony concrements in 
most of the muscles, especially at the extremities. They were im- 
bedded in the cellular tissue between the muscular fasciculi, fre- 
quently also attached to the membranes of the arteries. They were 
from 2 to 4 lines long and roundish in shape. Subjected to chemical 
analysis by Professor Gmelin, they were found to consist of :— 
“«‘ Phosphate of Lime.............++- 73 
Carbonate of Lime.............--- 7 
Animal matter, like albumen or fibrine, 20 
100.” 
The pathognomie inference was that these calcareous particles 
indicated a diffused form of arthritic deposit. 
The acceptable fact is the analysis of the salts, which are attracted 
by the adventitious cysts after their lengthened retention in the 
muscular tissue, giving rise to the physical condition noticed in the 
dissection of the subject in St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. 
The foregoing details, chiefly of personal interest, I should not 
have intruded on the notice of the Zoological Society, save for the 
great and unexpected importance of the minute parasite which has 
become notorious since it first came into scientific existence in the 
pages of our publications. A brief record of this development of 
Trichina, the last that is likely to come from my pen on the subject, 
may, perhaps, be condoned. 
I would premise, however, that, soon after the discovery of the 
wormlet, my friend Dr. Arthur Farre, F.R.S., added interesting 
facts to its anatomy from microscopic observations of the Trichina 
in its larval and encysted condition’. The German comparative 
anatomists Luschka* and Leuckart* have made known and 
admirably illustrated the anatomy of the species in its mature and 
procreative state. 
Where and how is Trichina spiralis to be met with mature? 
Certainly not in the muscular tissue of mankind: all the examples 
there found have the generative organs undeveloped, as represented 
in plate xli. of the Trans. Zool. Soc., loc. cit. 
Mr. Bowman, F.R.S., was, I believe, the first to notice the 
presence of vermicules, which he referred to Trichina, in the sarco- 
lemma of the muscles of an eel*. Tichine have been subsequently 
detected in the voluntary muscles of the hedgehog, badger, cat, dog, 
but most frequently and abundantly in those of the hog. In 1852 
1 London Medical Gazette, December 1885. 
2 Siebold and Kolliker’s Zeitschrift, vol. iii. 1851. 
8 Thid. vol. iv. 1852. 
* Art. Muscir in the ‘Cyclopedia of Anatomy,’ and Transactions of the 
Royal Society for the year 1840. 
