1882.] ANATOMY OF PROTELES. 581 
The sterno-hyoid muscles differ from those of Hyena inasmuch 
as they are inseparably united so as to form a single muscular band 
from their origin to their insertion. Proteles differs in a corre- 
sponding manner from Viverra, in which the two muscles are quite 
distinct. 
The omo-hyoid is absent in Proteles as in Hyena. In the latter 
genus Meckel' affirms its presence in H. striata; but in H. crocuta 
it is certainly absent. 
The stylo-glossus of Proteles agrees with that of Hycna, but 
differs from that of Viverra inasmuch as it is attached to the 
base of the stylo-hyal bone. In Viverra it is attached to the middle 
in length of that bone. 
In Proteles the stylo-hyoid is absent, as in Hyena crocuta and in 
Viverra. In H. striata Meckel affirms its presence. 
The scaleni are arranged much as in H. crocuta. As in that 
species the scalenus anticus is absent. The scaleni medius and 
posticus in Proteles are more closely united than in H. crocuta, and 
form a single mass of fibres arising from the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th 
cervical vertebrze, and inserted into the four anterior ribs. A very 
slight separation exists between the fibres which are inserted into 
the first rib and the rest of the muscle. In Viverra there are three 
perfectly distinct scalene muscles. 
The splenius of Proteles exactly resembles that of H. crocuta. 
It differs from that of Viverra inasmuch as no part of its fibres is 
inserted into the cervical vertebree. Thus in Proteles, as in H. cro- 
cuta, the splenius colli is absent. In Proteles, as in H. crocuta, the 
complexus is not divisible into a complexus proper and digastric. 
In this respect the two species named differ from H. striata. 
Muscles of the Back, Thorax, and Abdomen. 
The trapezius of Proteles resembles that of H. crocuta. In both 
these species it is relatively of much smaller size than in Viverra. 
The atissimus dorsi in H. crocuta arises from the posterior eleven 
dorsal spines, and has no costal origin. Similarly in Proteles the 
costal origin is wanting, and the spinous origin is limited to the 
posterior eight dorsal spines. A strong dorsi epitrochlearis exists 
in Proteles, as in H. crocuta. The insertion of the muscle into the 
humerus is rather higher in Proteles than in Hyena. 
The rhomboideus in Proteles, as in H. crocuta, is single. In the 
former it arises from the last four cervical and two anterior dorsal 
spines, and is therefore relatively larger than in H. crocuta. Meckel 
states that in H. striata this muscle possesses an occipital origin. 
Proteles in this respect differs from H. striata and agrees with H. 
crocuta. 
The serrati postici in Proteles are not continuous with one 
another as they are in H. brunnea and Viverra. In this respect 
Proteles agrees with H. crocuta. The serratus magnus of Proteles 
resembles that of H. crocuta, but takes an additional attachment to 
the first rib. In this respect Proteles differs from Viverra. 
? Anatomie comparée. 
