138 DR. GWYN JEFFREYS ON THE MOLLUSCA OF THE [Feb. 19, 



Distribution. Arctic and northern seas in both hemispheres, 

 southwards to Christianiafiord in Europe and to New England in 

 America, Barentz Sea, and Behring Strait; 8-160 fms. Mr. 

 McAndrew dredged a fresh-looking fragment in 38 fathoms off 

 Duncansby Head in Caithness. 



Fossil. Pliocene : Newer Crags in our eastern counties. Post- 

 tertiary : Sweden, Aberdeenshire, Bridlington, and Canada. 



The uppermost part of the spire is formed of two or three nearly 

 cylindrical and quite smooth whorls ; the point or apex is rather 

 blunt and twisted. In a North-American specimen, from which 

 part of the apex had been broken off during the lifetime of the 

 animal, the fracture had been mended and the exposed opening 

 filled by a small convex shelly plug. 



It is the S. subulata of Couthouy, not of Sowerby's ' Mineral 

 Conchology.' 



14. SCALARIA TURTONJ3 (tlCvtonis), TuftOll. 



Turbo turtonis, Turt. Conch. Diet. p. 208. f. 97. 



8. turtonce, B. C. iv. p. 89 ; v. pi. lxxi. f. 2. 



'Porcupine' Exp. 1870; All. St. C. Sagres ; Med. 50 (frag- 

 ment). 



Distribution. Loffoden I. to the iEgean, Adriatic, Madeira, and 

 Cape Vera I. ; 5-45 fms. 



Fossil. Pliocene : Red and Norwich Crag, Nice, Central and 

 Southern Italy. Post-tertiary: West of Scotland, Ireland, S.France, 

 Leghorn, and Rhodes. 



This species might be the Turbo ambiguus of Linne, hut. for the 

 character " basi umbilicata." The best known of several synonyms 

 is .S. tenuicostata of Michaud. 



In that admirable periodical the 'Journal de Conchyliologie ' for 

 January 18G8 (which contains a review of the 4th volume of 

 'Biitish Conchology ') the Editor, M. Crosse, objected to the specific 

 name turtonce, because it was that of the desciiber, Dr. Turton ; 

 and he remarked that I had not done well to change the original 

 name turtonis for turtonce, " sous pretexte que Turton a eu l'inten- 

 tion de donner a l'espece, non pas son propre nom, mais celui de sa 

 fille." But Dr. Turton, in his ' Conchological Dictionary ' (p. 208) 

 expressly gives the credit of discovering this species to his daughter, 

 adding " whose name we have attached to it." That specific name 

 has been adopted and used by all British conchologists, and it is at 

 all events more justifiable than the names proposed by Mr. Clark 

 and Dr. Gray in honour of their wives, and by the old Italian geolo- 

 gist Gioeni in honour of himself. The termination of the specific 

 name in the present case is in strict accordance with the usual 

 custom. By the rules of biological nomenclature, which were framed 

 and adopted by the British Association for the Advancement of 

 Science, specific names may be changed when their meaning is 

 "glaringly false" or they have not been clearly defined. But 

 neither of these objections is applicable to the present case. 



