1884.] ANATOMY OF S( OPUS UMBRETTA. 545 



like, and presents no important differences from that of the Herons 

 and Bitterns. In the Storks (c/. Weldon, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 639) 

 there are no intrinsic muscles ; the bronchial rings are generally 

 complete internally ; the last tracheal and first bronchial rings are 

 ossified and firmly united, while above them are a number of tracheal 

 rings which are slender and delicate and often incomplete ; the 

 bronchidesmus (at any rate in Tantalus and Leptoptilus argala) 

 is continuous up to the bifurcation of the bronchi. 



The peculiar structure of the air-sacs described by Weldon in the 

 Stork is not to be found in Scopus ; the subbronchial sacs are com- 

 pletely fused, but the prsebronchials are not divided up by septa as 

 they are in the Stork. In these characters also Scopus is entirely 

 unlike the Storks, and conforms to the Ardeine type. 



Muscles of the Fore Limb. 



1. The latissimus dorsi is composed, as in the majority of birds, 

 of two distinct portions : — (1) the anterior arises from the spines of 

 the second and third dorsal vertebrae, and is attached by a broad 

 muscular insertion below the accessory tendon of anconeus longus ; 

 (2) the posterior half is the larger, but narrows rapidly towards its 

 tendinous insertion in front of anterior half and continuous with 

 accessory tendon of the anconeus. 



2. The cucullaris swperficialis is attached to the anterior half, or 

 rather more, of the vertebral border of the scapula. 



3. The cucullaris profundus is attached to the whole of the ver- 

 tebral border of the scapula, except perhaps its extreme coracoidal 

 end ; the fibres of this muscle pass in a backward direction from the 

 vertebras to the scapula, while those of the superficialis pass in a 

 forward direction, the two crossing each other very nearly at right 

 angles. 



4. The serratus arises in the ordinary fashion from ribs 2, 3, 

 and 4, and is inserted on to the vertebral border of the scapula 

 ventrad to the insertion of the cucullaris by a broad thin tendon for 

 nearly half its length posteriorly. 



5. The deltoid arises from the distal end of the scapula close to 

 its articulation with the coracoid by a fleshy origin in front and by 

 a short tendon behind ; it is inserted on to the outer side of the crest 

 of the humerus. 



6. The internal deltoid arises from the tip of the coracoid, and is 

 inserted on to the opposite side of the humeral crest, anterior to and 

 somewhat below the insertion of the pectoral muscle. 



7. The pectoralis I. arises from whole of hinder surface of sternum, 

 from the entire extent of the carina sterni, and from the margin of 

 the clavicle ; it is inserted on to the crest of the humerus, and also 

 to a fibrous aponeurosis which extends from the crest to the head of 

 the humerus, covering the tendon of the biceps. The muscle itself 

 is not actually double, but is partially divided by a tendinous septum, 

 which is very evident on making a transverse section. 



8. The pectoralis II. is of considerable size ; its origin extends some 

 two thirds down the sternum ; it arises also from the sternal half of 



