582 MR. F. DAY ON RACES AND [Dec. 2, 



trace of an indistinct line of spots along its base. The other fins 

 more or less lead-coloured with light edges. 



On October 4th I received from Howietoun a grilse 13 inches 

 long, which had either jumped out of the pond (no. 7) or been 

 dragged out by vermin, and was dead -when found. It was a female, 

 with the eggs 0"2 of an inch in diameter, or double the size of those 

 from the fish of August 2Sth. Colours — two irregular rows of 

 black spots existed along the base of the dorsal fin. An injury- 

 close to the pectoral fin was present, as if the fish had been bitten 

 by rats or injured by sea-gulls. 



On November 7th a grilse 1| lb. weight was found lying almost 

 dead by the side of the pond ; some (over 100) apparently ripe eggs 

 were obtained from it, and the milt of a Lochleven Trout used to 

 fertilize them. 



Prior to giving an account of how we found the young Salmo 

 salar going on, I should mention that pond no. 7, in which they 

 were located, is lined with wood at the sides and bottom, is 100 feet 

 long by 15 feet wide, 8 feet deep in the middle and 6£ at either 

 end, inside measure, while the supply received is from half to one 

 million gallons of water a day. Owing to the grilse constantly 

 jumping at the sides, wire-netting to one foot in height was fixed 

 around the edge of the upper half of the pond. About the middle of 

 October fungus appeared among the fish, apparently due to injuries, 

 as owing to the nature of the pond no suitable locality for depositing 

 ova is present, and it seemed as if the females were constantly jump- 

 ing in order to overcome obstructions 1 , and find a way to where they 

 could construct their beds. Owing to this injuries are occasioned, 

 and these seem sure to eventuate in fungus. The Limneece thrive 

 in this as well as in the other pond, but young Salmon do not seem 

 to eat them, whereas Trout or Char at once devour them. 



November 14th, pond no. 7 had the water let off 2 , as it required 

 cleaning out and re-charring this year, the fish being in the mean 

 time transferred to the brook-trout pond, which has just been re-done 

 up, while its former inhabitants have been turned into the brook as 

 being too old to be worth keeping ; sixty-eight fish were transferred, 

 the majority being males. These fish showed all the gradations of 

 colouring, from the golden-banded parr to the silvery smolt wherein 

 parr-bands were visible in certain lights, up to grilse which possessed 

 milt or were distended with ova. Such examples as were in the 

 parr-livery were males, but silvery smolts with parr-bands and also 

 grilse had milt. Unfortunately the gravid females were to a great 

 extent affected by fungus consequent on injuries; still one gave about 

 two dozen eggs, which were milted from one of the males. Another 

 week or even fortnight would have to elapse before it will be practi- 

 cable to obtain eggs. Three which were too much injured to live, 



1 This phenomenon is not restricted to migratory forms, as species of many 

 genera of the Carp family may be observed in Southern India or Sind springing 

 in the same way at the impassable weirs which cross some of the rivers up 

 which they ascend to breed. 



- In the mud were many prides, Tetromyzon branchialis. 



