PHYLOGENY OF THE PALZOGNATHA AND NEOGNATHZ. 151 
a. Pterylosis of the Adult.' 
CASUARIIDS. 
Casuarius casuarius Linn. 
Apteria :— 
A. spinale.—This was wanting. 
A. mesogastrwi.—This includes the characteristic and well-marked sternal callosity, 
and extends backwards to within a short distance of the cloacal aperture. It is 
widest on the abdomen. 
A, trunci laterale-— Represented by the naked under surface of the wing and a 
small truncal area at its base. 
The head and more or less of the neck are, in the adults of this and other 
species of the genus, bare, and brilliantly coloured. The extent and nature of this 
coloration have already been dealt with by the Hon. Walter Rothschild in the first 
part of this Memoir. 
Pteryle :— 
P. alaris (P|, XLV. fig. 10).—It is possible to distinguish in this both remiges and 
coverts as in Neognathe. The former are represented by the characteristic 
elongated porcupine-like quills. These are six in number and distributed 
as follows:—mid-digital (1) and metacarpals (2) representing the primaries, and 
cubitals or secondaries (3), 
The cubital series, at first sight, appears not to extend backwards to the elbow as 
in Neognathe, the last of the spine-like remiges being attached not farther down 
the ulna than its proximal fourth. Beyond this, however, are three moderately long 
feathers occupying the position of remiges, but bearing each an aftershaft. Similarly 
at the distal end of the’series, we have, in front of the mid-digital, a feather occupying 
the position of a remex—possibly representing the addigital—but small and bearing 
an aftershaft. This, like the three cubitals, appears to have a major covert, as also 
have the other spine-like remiges. The mid-digital is very small; the other remiges 
are of considerable length. The longest of these are the Ist metacarpal and the Ist 
cubital. 
The remiges are remarkable in that they are open at the free end (see page 166). 
They are cylindrical, of irregular thickness and more or less crooked. 
The tectrices are not distinguishable from the rest of the body-feathering. All bear 
aftershafts. Coverts representing the tectrices majores of the Neognathe are certainly 
* As “adult” we have included nearly full-grown as well as full-grown specimens, i. ¢. those which have not 
yet attained the characteristic adult livery. 
Z 2, 
a 
