PHYLOGENY OF THE PALZOGNATHA AND NEOGNATH A. 245 
great size, in Struthio and Casuarius being rightly deseribed as enormous. ‘The femoro- 
caudal, on the other hand, is relatively but feebly developed or absent. 
Rhea and Dromeus both agree in having lost the femoro-caudal. 
Gf maz. ant. 
Left side view of a dissection of the thigh-muscles of Casuarius waappendiculatus, to show the accessory 
Struthious adductor, the femoro-caudal, and accessory semitendinosus muscles, The accessory adductor, 
femoro- and accessory femoro-caudal =the Bete RO of Gadow. 
gl.min, = gluteus minor, 
Ace.ad. = accessory Struthious adductor. 
maximus anterior. 
6. = biceps. glmaant.=  ,, 
fc. = femoro-caudal. gl.mx.post. =  ,, _ posterior. 
glant.= 4; anterior. 
ace.f.c. = accessory femoro-caudal. 
s.t. = semitendinosus. 
accessory semitendinosus. 
Sar. = sartorius. 
acest, = smb. = semimembranosus. 
ad.l. = adductor longus. 
cr. = erureus. 
gl.med. = gluteus medius. 
ect.c. = ectocnemial crest. 
ad.l, = adductor longus. 
p-b. = pubis. 
_ The femoro-caudal muscles of Apterya are peculiar and are differently determined 
by Garrod and Beddard. Garrod’s view is adopted in the present contribution, after 
independent dissections. Garrod [30] says :—‘ The accessory femoro-caudal is peculiar ; 
