PHYLOGENY OF THE PALZOGNATHA AND NEOGNATHA. 287 
. 5a. Lateral aspect of skull of Rhea americana, to show sutures. Note the 
vertical spine (lachrymo-nasal pillar) from the maxillo-palatine process, 
which replaces the maxillary process of the nasal; the remarkably small size 
of the quadrato-jugal; and the outer and inner views of the lower jaw. 
cr 
~ 
with the vomer. 
. 5¢. Outer aspect of mandible of fig. 5, to show sutures. 
g. 5d. Inner aspect of mandible of fig. 5, to show sutures. 
. 6. Quadrate of Bubo maximus, to show double, widely separate, squamosal articular 
head. Nat. size. 
. 7. Quadrate of Dromeus irroratus?, posterior aspect, to show single articular 
head. Nat. size. 
. 8. Quadrate of Apteryx oweni, posterior aspect, to show double squamosal 
head. 
a.=angulare. 
als.=alisphenoid. 
ant.=antrum of Highmore. 
ar.=articulare. 
b.s.=basisphenoid. 
Cc 
d.=dentary. 
or.=coronoid. 
ep.o.=epiotic. 
ex.=exoccipital. 
f.f.=floccular fossa. 
fr.=frontal. 
m.= meatus internus. 
mes. =mesethmoid. 
Fig. 
op.=opisthotic. 
. Lateral aspect of pterygoid of Rhea americana (p. 191), to show its relations 
ADDITIONAL LETTERS. 
o.h.=otic head of quadrate. 
o.r.=orbital process of quadrate. 
p.= parietal. 
p.f.=precondylar fossa. 
pro.=pro-dtic. 
$.d.=supra-angular. 
$.0.=supra-occipital. 
sp.=splenial. 
sq.=squamosal. 
sq.h.=squamosal head of quadrate. 
vag.f.=vagus foramen. 
vo.pr.=vomerine process of premaxilla. 
lp.=lachrymo-nasal process of premaxilla. 
PLATE XLIV. 
1. Dorsal aspect of the skull of an adult Dromeus ater (p. 270), to show the 
conspicuous, embryonic, cerebral prominence and the fused lachrymals. 
Fig. 1a. Lateral view of the same skull (fig. 1), showing the cerebral prominence 
and temporal fosse. 
Fig. 2. Dissection of a skull of a young Dromeus nove-hollandie, lateral view. to 
show the form and positioa of the mesethmoid for comparison with fig. 3 
et seq. 
Fig. 3. The mesethmoid of a young Casuarius wnappendiculatus (p. 199), to show the 
mesethmoid and the large median superposed element forming the centre of 
the casque of the adult. 
