PHYLOGENY OF THE PALZOGNATHZ AND NEOGNATHZ. 289 
Fig. 3. A neossoptile of Rhea americana (p. 164): neither the main nor the aftershaft 
have a distinct rhachis. The main shaft is represented by three stiffened 
rami, produced into filaments as in Tinamous and Ostrich, the aftershaft by 
numerous slender rami. 
ig. 3a. A portion of a radius from fig. 3 (p. 164). Note the absence of fila. 
. 4, A neossoptile of Dromeus nove-hollandie (p. 162). The aftershaft is barely 
distinguishable ; the main shaft well developed: compare with figs. 3-7. 
ig. 4a. A portion of a radius of fig. 4. Fila are yet represented but are small. 
ig. 5. A portion of a radius of Casuarius casuarius, showing the still further 
suppression of the fila. 
g. 6. A neossoptile of Apterya mantelli (p. 163). There is no aftershaft. 
g. 6a. A portion of a radius of fig. 6. Note that fila are numerous and large, 
indicating a less degenerate condition than figs. 4@ and 5. 
.7. A neossoptile of Struthio camelus, showing the three peculiarly modified 
rami described on p. 164, and representing the main shaft, and the numerous 
downy rami representing the aftershaft. 
. Ta. A portion of a radius of fig. 7. These are flattened as in Crypturi (fig. 2). 
Note the “ eye-spots.” 
. 8. Dissection of the air-sacs of the left side of a Casuarius wnappendiculatus 
(p. 252), showing the three divisions of the anterior intermediate sacs and the 
positions of the ostia throughout. Note the position of the anterior end of 
the posterior abdominal air-sac—forcing down the roof of the posterior inter- 
mediate. The posterior abdominal, furthermore, is seen to take the form of 
a more or less sausage-shaped sac adherent to the inner wall of the posterior 
intermediate. It encloses a part of the kidney. 
. 9. Dissection of the left lung of Casuarius unappendiculatus (p. 252), to show 
the costo-pulmonary muscle, meso-, ecto-, and ento-bronchia and their 
ramifications. Note that the ento-bronchia 1 and 3 between them supply all 
the tubule of the ventral surface of the lung described on p. 252. The 
systems fed by ento-bronchium 1 have been exposed by dissection, those fed by 
ento-bronchium 2 lie caudad of these and are concealed by the aponeurosis. 
. Ventral aspect of a dissection of the wing of an adult Casuarius casuarius, 
to show the hypertrophied calami described on p. 165. 
. Dorsal aspect of a preparation of the wing of an Ostrich. After 
Wray. 
Dorsal aspect of a portion of the wing of Rhea americana (p. 156), to show 
the remarkable distribution of the coverts in transversely oblique bundles. 
Ventral aspect of the wing of Apteryx mantelli (p. 161), to show the number 
of remiges and their remarkable resemblance to the young Cassowary described 
on p. 165. 
VoL. XV.—ParT v. No. 24.—December, 1900. Df 
