106 DR. GWYN JEFFREYS ON THE MOLLUSCA OF THE [Maf. 6, 



Little Minch. 1870 : Atl. 24, 25, off C. Sagres, 26-30, Tangier B. ; 

 Med. Capo diGaeta, 45, Cartagena B., 50, BenzertRoad, A.dventure 

 Bank, off Rinaldo's Chair. 



Distribution. Drontheim to the ^Egean and Sea of Marmara, 

 C. Verde I. {de Rochebrune) ; 2-205 fms. 



Fossil. Miocene : Vienna Basin and Touraine ? Pliocene : 

 English and Belgian Crags, S. France, and Italy. Post-tertiary : 

 Norway, W. Scotland, and Nice ; 0-50 ft. 



There are several synonyms, including T. granulatus of de Blain- 

 ville (not Born), and T. millegranus of Philippi, who in Kiister's 

 edition of Martini and Chemnitz gave not only the latter but also 

 T. miliaris as recent species, separated from each other by many 

 pages and plates. Some specimens or varieties differ greatly in size, 

 or they have a higher spire and are more pyramidal ; others are 

 more finely and closely sculptured ; others have quite a flattened 

 base, while one specimen has a rounded base and no keel. In a small 

 coarsely granulated variety the apex is twisted, and might easily be 

 taken for a distinct species. The colour is occasionally milk- 

 white. The fossil type or progenitor of the species is much 

 more conical and smaller than the living species. The specific 

 name miliaris is not appropriate, if it has reference to millet-seed ; 

 and it is not a Latin word. 



1/ 31. Trochus granulatus. Born. 



T. granulatus, Born, Ind. Mus. Caes. Vind. 1/78, p. 343: B. C. 

 iii. p. 327 ; v. p. 204, pi. Ixiii. f. 5. 



'Porcupine' Exp. 1869: St. 1, 45 a, 45 b. 1870: Atl. off C. 

 Sagres ; Med. Capo di Gaeta, 50, off Jijeli, 55, Benzert Road, Rasel 

 Amoush, G. Tunis, Adventure Bank. 



Distribution. British Isles, Normandy, Mediterranean, Adriatic, 

 Mogador, Madeira, Canaries; 2-145 fms. 



Fossil. Pliocene : Red and Norwich Crags, Italy, Morea, Rhodes. 

 Post-tertiary : Ireland. 



T. papillosus, Da Costa, 1778 (not S.Wood), T.fragilisy Pulteney 

 (not Gmelin), T. tenuis, Montagu. 



Variable in sculpture, which is more or less closely beaded ; the 

 spiral striae on the lower whorls are sometimes quite smooth. The 

 ' Porcupine ' specimens which I had considered T. multigranus of 

 S. Wood I now believe to be merely the present species having 

 larger and fewer beads or tubercles. The very young shells are 

 deeply umbilicate. 



^ 32. Trochus zizyphinus, Linu6. 



T. zizyphinus, L. S. N. p. 1231 : B. C. iii. p. 330, pi. vii. f. 4 ; 

 V. p. 204, pi. ixiii. f. 6. 



* Lightning' Exp. St. 4,5. 



* Porcupine' Exp. 1869 : Lough Foyle,Little Minch. 1870 : Atl. 

 Vigo, 25, Tangier B., Gibraltar B.: Med. Benzert Road (var. 

 conulus), Rasel Amoush. 



