1886.] MR. H. J. KLWES ON THK GENXIS PARNASSIUS. 1.3 



"Whilst the first pair were in copulation I made a sketch (as well 

 as I was able) of the ' pouch ' as it then appeared (fig. 1 ), a side 

 view of the 'pouch' immediately after separation (fig. 2), a side 

 view of the position of the female whilst laying her eggs (fig. 3), and 

 a hack view of the same (fig. 4)'. The 'pouch,' as then seen 

 through a magnifying glass, appeared to be about ^y- of an inch 

 long and not quite an eiglith of an inch broad, with a very slight 

 central depression the whole length, of a dark green colour, and with 

 very minute transverse corrugations. This I found, during the time 

 I was watching them, to be a membranous covering attached to 

 the abdomen of the male, containing a dark green fluid. This mem- 

 brane entirely covered the trqe pouch of the female, as I observed 

 that the male appeared to be able to contract it, and did several 

 times, so as to expose the ' pouch ' of the female, which was then 

 quite white ; and it has since occurred to me, that this exposure of 

 the ' pouch' might be for the purpose of hardening it a little, as 

 the 'pouciies' of the females are quite soft during copulation, but 

 soon harden after separation and exposure to the atmosphere, and 

 this leads me to think that this membranous covering of the male 

 is the mould in which the ' pouch ' is formed during copulation. 

 One thing, however, is certain, that the ' pouch ' is developed entirely 

 during copulation. 



"The third copulation took place on the 28th of June, and lasted 

 from 10.23 am. till 12.48 p.m. = 2 hours 25 minutes. The pouch 

 was developed. These speciniens were dropped into spirits of wine 

 ' in cop. '; the membrane of the male then began to contract by the 

 action of the spirit, but the insects did not separate. 



" The fourth copulation took place on the 28th of June, and lasted 

 from 1.15 A.M. till 2.30 p m. = 1 hour 15 minutes ; these specimens 

 were then dropped into spirits. The ' pouch ' was developed ; and 

 I may here mention as a proof that the 'pouch' has nothing what- 

 ever to do with oviposition, that the female of this pair laid an egg 

 whilst 'in cop.' 



"The fifth copulation took place on the 4th of July, and after the 

 insects had been in copulation 30 minutes they were put in spirit. 

 The 'pouch' was apparently developed. 



" The sixth copulation took place on the same day ; after being in 

 copulation ten minutes the pair were put in a cyanide bottle and 

 killed. They separated after death, but no sign of a 'pouch' was 

 visible. These specimens were afterwards put in spirits. 



"The seventh copulation took place on July 6, and after the insects 

 had been in copulation about three hours, I separated them forcibly. 

 The ' pouch ' of the female was quite soft, and I pressed the keel 

 gently with a pin to see if the impression would remain when the 

 ' pouch ' had hardened, and it has done so. I then examined the 

 membrane of the male, and found that by squeezing the abdomen of 

 the male, and holding up the membrane with a pin, a white opaque 

 gelatinous substance issiied from that part of the abdomen of the male 

 where the point of the pouch of the female would be during copu- 

 ' These clrawings are not now published. 



