1886.] MR. H. J. ELWES ON THE GENUS PARNASSIUS. 41 



took a single pair at Narka, in the province of Rupshu, which were 

 described and figured by Felder. Two females in the Hewitson col- 

 lection are marked Darjeeling, but there is no evidence that they 

 came from Sikkim ; and though both have larger red oceUi on the 

 hind wing than the Ladak specimens I have seen, yet they are pro- 

 bably from Atkinson's collection, which was made at many places 

 in the Himalaya as well as at Darjeeling. M. L. de Niceville, 

 who is the only living entomologist who has seen this species alive, 

 took three specimens (of which a pair are now before me) on July 

 18, 1879, on the Baralacha pass, north of Lahoul, at 18,000 feet. 

 Both of these have small ocelli on the margin of the hind wing, three 

 of which in the $ , and one in the cJ have bluish pupils. The male 

 has no red markings at all, whilst the $ has two ocelli in the usual 

 place on the hind wing ; none that I have seen have the red ocellus 

 on the costal margin of hind wing, which is found in all specimens 

 of P. delphius and P. staudingeri. The fringes and antennae, however, 

 agree perfectly with those of P. delphius, excepting that the antennae 

 of the $ P. stoliczl-anus are all black ; and though I hardly consider 

 that the few specimens of this species existing show any structural 

 characters of sufficient importance to separate them certainly from P. 

 delphius, yet the absence of the costal ocellus on the hind wing would 

 if constant be a good secondary character of distinction ; and there 

 appears to be some difference in the internal structure of the pouch, 

 though its external appearance is nearly the ?,&me as i\i&toi P. delphius. 



In a very interesting account of his journey through the Alai 

 Mountains in the southern part of Khokand, M. Grumm Grshimailo 

 describes a new species of Parnassius shortly, under the name 

 of P. romanovi, which, though I have not yet been able to 

 see a specimen, is possibly a form of this, but more probably 

 allied to P. charltonius. He says : — " The fore wings like delphius, 

 the hind wings show a great red patch of 1 centimetre in 

 diameter, a second of much smaller dimensions, and a band which is 

 formed of three red marks ; behind this red band, nearer the outer 

 margin, are five beautiful blue ocelli surrounded by black shining 

 scales." 



This splendid insect was found near Katta-Karamuk, and also at 

 Karasu, on the north side of the Tersagar pass, 10,000 feet, in com- 

 pany with P. actius, P. staudingeri, var. nova, Parnassius sp., and 

 many splendid species of Colias and other insects. 



Another new form, named, but not described, by the same explorer, 

 is Parnassius ccesar, which was found at KizU Art, on the Alai 

 Pamir plateau, at a great elevation, and said to be a splendid, quite 

 unique species of great variabiUty, and will no doubt be soon pub- 

 lished in the Grand Duke Nicholas's ' Me'moires sur les Le'pidopteres,' 

 which have already added so much to our knowledge of Russian 

 Lepidoptera. 



It will be impossible to say where these species belong in the 

 genus, until they are fully described and figured \ 



1 After this paper was read I received, through the kindness of the Grand 

 Duke Nicholas Mikhailovitch of Eussia, two pairs of P. romanovi, which is 



