I8S6.] MR. p. L. SCLATER ON "WILD GOATS. 31/ 



Mountains and the Ibex of the Himalayas (wliich is found through- 

 out that range from Cashmere to Nepaul) should be referred to one 

 species; but I am not aware that any one has made an exact com- 

 parison of specimens from these two locahties. The animal certainly 

 belongs to the same group as the Ibex of the Alps and that of the 

 Sinaitic peninsula. We have never yet succeeded in obtaining living 

 examples of it. 



In Siberia, Radde tells us, this Ibex is found only in the Altai 

 and Sagan Mountains. 



8. Capra falconeki. 



JEyoceros falconeri, Wagn. Miinch. Gel. Anz. ix. p. 430 (183'J), 



Capra megaceros, liatton, Calcutta Journ. N. H. ii. p. .535, pi. xx. 

 (1842); Sclater and Wolf, Zool. Sketches, ser. ii. pi. xx. 



Capra falconeri, Hiigel, Kaschmir u. d. Reich, d. Siek, iv. p. 579 

 (1848); Blanford, J.A.S.B. xliv. pt. i. p. 17 (18/5). 



The Marlihoor, although regarded by Blyth (at one time) and 

 by Gray altogether as merely a variety of the Domestic Goat, is now 

 universally recognized as a most distinct species, distinguished at 

 once by its long massive spirally-twisted horns, which readily sepa- 

 rate it from every other known member of the genus. 



It is not found in the Himalayas proper, but extends from the 

 Pir-panjal range, south of Cashmere, into Afghanistan and Gilgit 

 on the one side, and the Sulemani range on the other. Colonel 

 Kinloch, the most recent writer on the larger game of India, states 

 that four well-marked varieties of the Markhoor are easily recog- 

 nizable. To two of these — in one of which the horns have a more 

 open spiral {Capra megaceros), and in the other a closer s[)iral 

 {Capra jerdoni) — he assigns distinct specific names'. The living 

 specimens we have received have belonged, I believe, to the latter 

 variety. A pair of this species, presented by Major Pollock in 1866, 

 bred for several years in the Gardens ; but we are now, I regret to 

 say, without any representative of this fine animal. 



9. Capra jemlanica. 



Capra jemlanica. Ham. -Smith, Griff. An. King. iv. p. 308. 



Capra jemlaica, Sclater and Wolf, Zool. Sketch, ser. i. pi. xxv. 



This species and the following have been separated from the true 

 Goats by Dr. Gray as having " a moist naked muffle." But this is, 

 I think, a question of degree, as there is certainly a small moist 

 muffle, although not so well developed, present in some species 

 of true Capra, for example in Caj)ra sinaitka. These forms, how- 

 ever, differ from the Goats in their short, thick, and much com- 

 pressed horns. 



The " Tahr," as this species is usually called by Indian sportsmen, 

 is found on suitable ground along the whole range of the Himalayas, 

 from Cashmere to Bootan. 



We received our first specimen of this fine and most distinct 

 species in 1852, from Capfc. Townley Parker. It was a male, and 



' Kinloch, ' Large Game Shooting,' 1835, pp. 130, 142. 



