1886.] POSITION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SPONGES. 583 



10. Familia Theneid^, Sollas. 



With large outlets to the ciliated chambers, and spirastrellid 

 spicules. 



Thenea, Gray {Tisiphonia, Wyville Thomson, Borvillia, Sav. Kent, 

 Wyville-Thomsonia, Wright) ; Normania, Vulcanella, and Chara- 

 cella, Sollas. 



11. Familia Tetillid.e, Sollas. 



With flesh-spicules which are hamate, spiral, or rod-shaped. 

 Spiretta, Lendenfeld ; Tetilla, Schmidt ; Oraniella, Schmidt ; 

 Chrotella, Sollas ; Papirula, Schmidt ; Thalassomora, Lendenfeld. 



12. Familia TETHYOPSiLLiDiE, nov. 



Spherical sponges supported by dense masses of large radial 

 monaxonid spicules. A few tetraxonid grapnels are inserted in the 

 surface. 



Tethyopsilla, Lendenfeld, and Protoleia, Dendy and Ridley. 



II. Subordo MONAXONIDA. 



III. Group Clavulina, Vosmaer, emend. 



With monaxonid spicules or without supporting skeleton. 

 Supporting spicules tylostyle, usually radially situated. (Includes 

 the Pseudotetraxonia, Vosmaer.) 



1 . Familia TethydtE, Vosmaer. 

 More or less spherical sponges, with regular subdermal cavities 

 between the thick distally extending radial bundles of spicules. 



1. Subfamilia I^e^%w<e, nov. 



With stellate flesh-spicules. 



Tethya, Lamarck; Tuherella, Keller {Tethiophcena, Schmidt); 

 Tethiosphcera, Lendenfeld ; Mastigophora, Lendenfeld ; Thalasso- 

 dactylus, Lendenfeld. 



2. Subfamilia TethiopsamminoB, nov. 



With a sand cortex. 

 Tethiopsamma, Lendenfeld, MS. 



3. Subfamilia Tethyorhaphince, nov. 



With rod-shaped flesh-spicules, without stellates. 

 Tethyorhaphis, Lendenfeld. 



4. Subfamilia Tethyatnatince, nov. 

 With hamate flesh-spicules (sigmata) without stellates. 

 Tethyamata, Lendenfeld. 



