ON METONYMS. 53 



Brunei also probably represents indirectly an animal name. The popu- 

 lar satires in wbicli beasts and birds are made to speak and act like 

 men, brought into common use such terms as Reynard, Grimalkin, 

 Bruin, Chanticleer, Partlet. There was in circulation in the 12th cen- 

 tury a Speculum Stultorum, entitled Brunellus; where Brunellus 

 stands for a well-known patient but much abused quadruped. The 

 author of this production was an English monk named Nigel Wiroker. — 

 Erasmus makes Colet, Coletus, although the name, uncorrupted, is said 

 to be Acolyta. Sir Thomas More, Erasmus metonymises into Morus. 

 Influenced by the sound, he playfully inscribes to the English Chan- 

 cellor his famous satire, the Encomium Moriae, ' The Praise of Folly.' 

 " Qu£e Pallas istuc tibi misit in mentem inquies?" he supposes More 

 to say to him on the occasion; he replies: ^' Primum admonuit me 

 Mori cognomen tibi gentile, quod tarn ad Morise vocabulum accedit, 

 quam es ipse h re alienus. Es autem vel omnium suffragiis alienissi- 

 mus. Deinde suspicabar, hunc ingenii nostri lusum tibi prsecipu^ pro- 

 batum iri, propterea quod soleas hujus generis jocis, hoc est, nee indoctis, 

 ni fallor, nee usquequaque insulsis, impendio delectari, et omnino in 

 communi mortalium vit^ Democritum quondam agere." Cecil, Lord 

 Burghley, allowed his name to be converted into Csecilius, as though 

 be had been descended from the gens Caecilia of ancient Rome. The 

 name was really Seysil, and previously Sitsilc. Belcarius, (de Beau- 

 caire, the reforming archbishop of Metz,) in his Rerum Gallicarum 

 Commentarii, Latinises Seymour into Semerus. With him, Leicester 

 as a title is Licestrianus, and Warwick, Varvicus. Erasmus styles the 

 Marquis de Vere, Princeps Verianus. Payne Fisher, Oliver Cromwell's 

 poet-laureate, called himself Paganus Piscator. 



With Sleidan, in his translation (published at Amsterdam in 1656) 

 of Froissart and Philip de Comines, Derby is Derbius, the Earl of 

 Derby is Comes Derbius; Lancaster, Lencastrius ; Gloucester, Cloces- 

 trius; Hareourt, Haricurtius; Howard, Havartus; and St. Leger, 

 Calangerius, where the English pronunciation of St. Leger is attempted 

 to be expressed. The author of the so-called Chronicle of Turpin, first 

 printed at Paris in 1527, makes Fergus, Ferragus and Ferracutus to 

 be the same name. A quotation in a note to Browning's Paracelsus 

 speaks of " Anglum quendam Rogerium Bacchonem." This is Roger 

 Bacon, the "wonderful doctor" of the 13th century to whose writings 

 Paracelsus is reported to have been much beholden. 



