412 CANADA IN THE BODLEIAN. 



The inscription on the seal of the former Province of Lower Canada 

 was from it — 



" Ab ipso 

 Ducit opes animumque ferro." 



A part of it also is the Alcaic stanza familiar to recipients of prizes 

 at Upper Canada College, from the time of its foundation : 



" Doctrina sed vim promovet insitam, 

 ■ Rectique cultus pectora roboranti, 

 Utcunque defecere mores 



Dedecorant bene nata culp£B." 



The inscription on the seal of the Province of Upper Canada was 

 also from Horace : 



" Imperi 

 Porrecta Majestas * * * 

 Custode rerum Cffisare." 



But this was from the fourteenth ode of the fourth book. Formerly 

 Virgil was held to be a source of mystic oracular responses ; but with 

 colonial ministers Horace has evidently been the favorite for such pur- 

 poses. One of them (Lord Lytton) has even given the world a trans- 

 lation of the odes and epodes of Horace. 



The seal of the province of Qaebee before the division of the country 

 into Upper and Lower Canada may be seen figured on the title page of 

 " The Laws of Lower Canada," printed at Quebec, by J. Neilson, in 

 1793. Its motto, '' Externse gaudent agnoscere metde.^' which is to be 

 found neither in Virgil nor Horace, seems to indicate the supposed 

 jileasure with which the new monarch was welcomed after the con- 

 quest. A king, crowned and robed, stands before a map unrolled, and 

 points with his sceptre towards the St. Lawrence. The legend round 

 the outer edge of the seal is " Sigillum Provincise JVbstras Quebecensis 

 ill America." 



ON THE CAUSE OF GLACIER MOTION. 



BY JOSEPH L. THOMPSON. 



The cause of glacial action, or, as it is more briefly termed, the 

 "glacial theory," has been a favorite subject of discussion among 

 geologists, from Dr. Buckland downwards. The effects of glacial 

 action, though apparent enough in many imperishable markings and 

 striae in the rocks and mountain-sides in various countries in both the 



