REVIEWS. 485 



the imitative faculty so cliaracteristic of the natives of the new world, 

 they present in their rudeness a very marked contrast to the artistic 

 skill of the prehistoric cave dwellers of the Dordogne valley and other 

 similar French sites of primeval art. The famous etching on a plate 

 of ivory of the mammoth, for example, found by M. Lartet, when in 

 company with M. Verneuil and the late Dr. Falconer, in the Perigord 

 caverns, is characterised by a graphic vigour and freedom of touch that 

 would do no discredit to the pencil of Rosa Bonheur. 



Mr. Dall further adds, "I have seen an ivory bow, used in connec- 

 tion with a drill, and made of an entire walrus tusk, which had depicted 

 on each of the four sides every pursuit followed by the Innuit from 

 birth to interment. These facts have a peculiar interest, as showing 

 some similarity between the customs of the present Orarian tribes and 

 those of the ancient European cave-dwellers. Similar drawings are 

 common everywhere among the Innuit, while I have never seen among 

 the Tinneh tribes of the northwest any similar specimens of art." The 

 term " Orarian " here used, we may as well explain, is a new generic 

 term designed to embrace in one group all the tribes of Eskimo stock, 

 and thus distinguish the Innuit, Aleutians, Asiatic Eskimo, as well as 

 those of Greenland and Davis Straits, from the Red Indian stock. 

 They are the coastmen (/. ora) of the Arctic world. 



The skin-canoes of diverse forms, so characteristic of the Arctic 

 fisherman, are illustrated by careful drawings; and exhibit the practical 

 ingenuity of the native boat-builders in some of its most striking aspects. 

 They are of three kinds, including one adapted by the Russians from 

 the Aleutian Kyak. " One is a large open boat, flat-bottomed, and 

 consisting of a wooden frame tied with sealskin thongs, or remni, and 

 with the skins of the seal properly prepared, oiled, and sewed together, 

 stretched over this frame and held in place by Walrus-skin line, or 

 mahout. This kind of boat is known among all the Innuit by the 

 name oomiaJc, and is called a bidarrd by the Russians. Another, a 

 smaller boat, for one man, is made essentially in the same way, but 

 covered completely over, except a hole in which the occupant sits, and 

 around the projecting rim of which, when at sea, he ties the edge of a 

 water-proof shirt, called a kamldi/ha by the Russians. This is securely 

 tied around the wrists and face also, the head being covered by a hood, 

 so that no water can by any means penetrate to the interior of the 

 boat." This kyah, as it is called by the natives of the western coast, 

 has long been familiar to us by its use among the Greenland Esqui- 



