PROF. OWEN ON THE ANATOMY OF THE INDIAN RHINOCEROS. 41 
Indian species agrees, however, in the twofold nature of the lining membrane of the 
stomach, with the Sumatran two-horned Rhinoceros described by Mr. William Bell?. 
‘About the middle of the cuticular surface of the stomach of the female there was a small 
irregular patch of glandular membrane: this was proved to be an original formation, 
and not an appearance due to a partial separation of the cuticle, by detaching the 
surrounding cuticular lining and comparing the patch in question with the denuded 
surface. It is probably, however, but an individual variety, as it was not repeated in 
the male. The surface of the digestive membrane covering the pyloric moiety of the 
stomach was even, not broken by rug, and it presented the same peculiar smooth, 
almost polished, appearance which characterizes the peculiar glandular membrane lining 
the second cavity of the stomach of the Porpoise. 
The cardia did not present the semi-spiral valve observable in the Horse. The 
globular pyloric extremity is suddenly bent upon the rest of the stomach, so as to ap- 
pear partly separated from it by the entering fold. A thick circular lip projects from 
the pylorus into the duodenum. The outer layer of the muscular tunic, a, is one- 
fourth the thickness of the inner layer, 6, and becomes thinner over the pyloric end of 
the stomach. The nervous or vasculo-cellular tunic, c, begins to increase in thickness 
near the termination of the thick epithelium, d, in relation to the increased vascular 
action required by the functions of the glandular layer, e: the relative thickness of this 
layer is shown in the section, figure 3, ¢’. 
The contents of the duodenum were of a greenish black colour and almost fluid con- 
sistency: only very few small portions of the vegetable substances appeared in the tract 
of the small intestines, but the cecum and colon were tensely distended with a magma 
of substances like those in the stomach, but of somewhat softer consistence, as if in a 
further stage of digestion. 
Female. Male. 
The length of the small intestines was . . . 50 feet. 65 feet. 
The circumference of the duodenum . . . ._ 8 inches. 10 inches. 
The circumference of jejunum . . . - - - 6 inches. 8 inches. 
The circumference of ileum. . . . . . -  @ inches. 9 inches. 
The lining membrane of the duodenum, at the beginning of that gut, was puckered 
up into small irregular ruge ; the flattened triangular processes, as described and figured 
by Mr. Thomas, began to make their appearance about six inches from the pylorus 
(Pl. XII. fig. 1) ; in the jejunum three or four of the processes are often supported on 
a common base (Ib. fig. 2) ; as they approach the ileum they begin to lose breadth, and 
gain in length, until they assume the appearance, near the end of the ileum, of vermi- 
form processes, like tags of worsted, from two-thirds of an inch to an inch in length 
(Ib. fig. 3). Peyer’s glands appeared scattered here and there; a very conspicuous 
reticular patch was situated close to the end of the ileum. 
1 Philos. Trans. 1793. Cuvier does not describe the inner surface of stomach. 
H 2 
