THE CHIMPANZEES AND ORANGS. 35 
difference of size which may distinguish such species when arrived at maturity. The 
subsequent differences in the relative size of the brain depend upon the specific stature 
ultimately to be attained ; for, the destined degree of cerebral development in a large 
species having once been obtained, as it is very rapidly in regard to the size of the 
hemispheres, the growth of the trunk, limbs and jaws afterwards proceeds without 
corresponding growth of the brain. 
These considerations must be allowed their due weight in comparing the relative size 
of the brain or brain-case of small and great species of the same Order of warm-blooded 
animals, otherwise the same mistake may be made as to the relative perfection, or stand- 
ing in the group, of the smaller species with comparatively large brains, as has been 
made with regard to the degree of relationship of the Chimpanzee and Orang to Man- 
kind, when judged of by the proportion of the brain and brain-case in small and imma- 
ture individuals of those large and formidable species of Ape. 
The great characteristic in Man arises from the great relative size of the brain and 
capacity of the cranium being associated with a stature which surpasses that of the 
largest of the Quadrumana. Dr. Wyman, the accomplished Professor of Anatomy in 
the Medical College at Boston, U.S., in a recent Memoir descriptive of two additional 
crania of the Troglodytes Gorilla, in the ‘ American Journal of Science and Arts,’ 2nd 
Series, vol. ix., cites the following Table of the capacity of the cranium, from the 
careful admeasurements taken by the late lamented and talented Dr. S. G. Morton of 
Philadelphia. 
No. of Skulls 
a gaara | Largest capacity.|Smallest capacity. Mean. 
Teutonic Race of CAUCASIANS. | Cubic inches, Cubic inches. Cubie inches, 
Germans 114 
English 5 | 105 91 | 96 
Anglo-Americans 97 82 90 
Ma tay Group. 
Malayan Family | 68 86 
Polynesian Family | | 82 83 
AMERICAN Group. \ 
Toltecan Family. | 
IPenuvianSijes mn ciavcreslccseysis ck asses } 58 75 
IMiexicansie ee: wietoe seth eissteiakee ore | 67 79 
Barbarous Tribes 70 84 
ETHIOPIAN Group. 
African Family 65 83 
Hottentots | 68 75 
PATUSERAMANIS ts mieys Ho stiie mic Bybee oh 63 75 
Dr. Wyman gives the following results of similar admeasurements taken of the skulls 
of the Gorilla and Chimpanzee ; to which I have added some from personal observation. 
0 2 
