THE GREAT ANTEATER. 131 
hyal, m. It is athin broad layer, the fasciculi of which diverge to spread upon the sides 
of the postcranial continuation of the nasal passage interlacing with the constrictor fibres 
which spread over the back part of that passage. The second muscle (epipharyngeus, 
ib. g) has a thicker origin, of ten lines in extent, from the back part of the inner end 
of the ceratohyal, and from the joint between this and the epihyal. The fasciculi diverge 
and spread over the sides of the posterior part of the soft nasal canal, partly overlapping 
the preceding muscle anteriorly, and being themselves slightly overlapped by the next 
portion behind. The third constrictor (hyopharyngeus, ib. h) has an origin three lines 
in extent from the thyrohyal and contiguous part of the basihyal : the fibres diverge upon 
the sides of the end of the nasal canal and the beginning of the pharynx; the anterior 
fibres overlapping and then blending with the posterior fibres of the preceding muscle. 
The fourth constrictor (thyropharyngeus, ib. i) comes off from the outer margin of the 
thyroid cartilage, having an origin of nine lines in extent. The fibres pass transversely 
round the pharynx, partially overlapping the preceding muscle, and slightly expand- 
ing at the back of the pharynx. The posterior continuation of this portion, which 
might be regarded as a fifth muscle (cricopharyngeus, ib. 7!) arises from the posterior 
and outer prolongation of the cricoid, behind the three upper rings of the trachea. 
Retractor pharyngis (P|. XXXIX. fig. 2, k, k).—A slender longitudinal muscle, arising 
from a fascia connected with the origin of the scalenus, runs along the outer side of a 
long slender gland, and then passes forwards to the outer side of the cricopbaryngeus, 
where it bends backwards, slightly expands, and appears to blend with the contiguous 
fibres of the crico- and thyro-pharyngei. The breadth of the free part of this retractor 
pharyngis is from one to two lines. 
In the dissection of the neck of the Great Anteater, three pairs of long and slender 
muscles are met with, which relate to the movements of the head. 
Sternocervicalis—This muscle arises from the upper and outer angle of the manu- 
brium sterni, close to the inner (mesial) side of the sternomazillaris, by a thin tendon 
four lines broad, which soon becomes fleshy, and the slender muscle (Pls. XXXVII. 
fic. 2, and XXXIX.y) gradually contracts to be inserted into the side of the middle 
cervical vertebra. 
The Sternomastoideus (ib. z) arises from the outer angle of the manubrium stern), 
by a tendon two lines broad, which gradually expands, is flattened, and at one inch 
nine lines from its origin becomes a fleshy flat muscle six lines broad; this gradually 
increases in thickness to a rounded form, then contracts, and forms a tendon at about 
eleven inches from its origin, which contracts to its insertion into the paroccipital 
representative of the mastoid: protuberance. 
Sternomazillaris.—This muscle arises from the inner side, near the upper and outer 
angle, of the manubrium sterni, and manubrial fascia, centrad of the clavicular fascia, and 
of the origins of sternomastoideus and sternocervicalis (PI. XXXVIII. fig. 1, w, w) ; its 
origin is by a flat, very short tendon, five lines broad: an aponeurosis passes from one 
u 2 
