220 DR. J. J. KAUP’S MONOGRAPH OF THE STRIGIDZ. 
wings. Throat reddish. Under parts white, with large longitudinal stripes or arrow- 
like cross bands. Tarsi banded. Upper tail-coverts banded with white or uniform. 
The tail like that of the common Sparrow-Hawk, with three to six cross bands, one 
narrow base-band, and the end light greyish; the end margined with white. Wings 
with some lighter bands. 
Dimens.—Male. Head 45, wing 180 or 64", tail 102 or 3" 73/".—Female. Head 46, 
wing 196 or 72", tail 120 or 4” 4". 
Subgenus e. Jeraglauz. 
Diagn.—The first wing-feather longer than the tenth. First to fifth wing-feathers 
very distinctly emarginated ; sixth very feebly. Tarsi and toes very strong and long. 
Middle toes (without the nail) as long as the tarsi. 
11. Isractaux connivens, Kp. (Pl. LVI. fig. 7a, bill; 6, wing.) 
Falco connivens, Lath. Ind. Suppl. p. xii. 
Athene , G. R. Gray ; Gould, Birds of Austr. tom. 1. pl. 34. 
Diagn.—A little larger than Syrnium aluco. Tarsi equal to the middle toe, and 43 mm. 
long. 
Descr.—Body a little larger than S. aluco, but head smaller and tail longer, conse- 
quently the whole bird longer and more slender. Upper parts dark grey and brown- 
ish ; under parts whitish, striped with dark grey and brownish. Upper tail-coverts 
with concealed whitish spots. Shoulder-coverts and small feathers of the wing with 
white spots on the outer webs. Second wing-feather to the sixth on the outer web 
with oblique white spots, which next to the shaft are coloured with clear brownish- 
grey. The six to seven corresponding bands of the inner webs are oblique. Under 
wing-coverts reddish-yellow, with black shaft-stripes ; the longest of them black, with 
white margins. Tarsi whitish and reddish yellow, with dark-grey longitudinal spots. 
Tail above with six, beneath with eight silver-grey bands and light ends. Eye orange. 
Bill black, with yellow back. 
Dimens.—Head 71, wings 303-316, tail 170-184, after-toe 17 mm. long. 
12. [zracLaux streNuus, Kp. 
Athene strenua, Gould, Birds of Austr. tom. 1. pl. 35. 
Diagn.—Tarsi equal to the middle toe (without nail), and 58 mm. long. 
Descr.—One of the largest, most powerful, and finest Owls, and in these respects not 
inferior to Surnia nyctea. Plumage very variegated, the dark-brown back being reddish- 
yellow, banded and spotted with white; inferior parts white, with black arrow-like 
spots. Arm-wing-coverts, arm-wings, hand-wings and tail with clearer end-margins ; 
