pkesident's address. 165 



Worcester's engine. It also disposes of the theory which rests on 

 no foundation of fact that Saverv entered into any partnership 

 with Newcomen or that Newcomen ever hekl any patent what- 

 ever, for which indeed no record can be discovered, Savery'o 

 patent being held to over-ride Newcomen's inventions. 



Savery's engines continued to be erected up to and after the 

 time of the complete steam engine of Boulton and Watt and in 

 1774 Smeaton showed that the consumption of coal in a Savery 

 engine was about 30lbs. per horse power per hour, i.e. 7,000,000 

 lbs. raised 1 foot per cwt. coals. 



And it is worth recording that the Savery engine is still 

 to-day largely in use under the name of the "Pulsometer" all 

 over the world ; the only difference being in the addition of 

 suitable valves originally patented by C. H. Hall 1872 (2885) and 

 by the construction of modern wrought iron riveted boilers 

 capable of jiroducing steam of high pressure. 



The pulsometer is still very wasteful in its use of steam, but 

 it is very inexpensive in construction and it never wears out, the 

 only moving jjarts being the valves which are easily renewed. 

 And it possesses the great advantage of being able to pump out 

 coal and refuse from the holds of ships or mud and sand and 

 pebbles from excavations, while it will work satisfactorily when 

 suspended from a chain and requires no fixing. 



I must now glance for a moment at Newcomen and his 

 engine. Thomas Newcomen was an ironmonger of Dartmouth 

 about fifteen miles from Modbury where Savery lived and to him 

 is undoubtedly due the honour of first constructing a machine 

 which was a true engine in the modern sense of the word. I do 

 not purpose describing this engine except by saying it had a 

 boiler and cylinder with a piston which, when the steam below it 

 was condensed, was forced down by the pressure of the atmos- 

 phere and its descent pulled down a great working beam to the 

 other end of which were attached the pump rods. 



In 1712 Newcomen and his partner Galley contracted to erect 

 an engine at Wolverhampton. Next they erected two engines 

 near Newcastle. The fourth was put up at Leeds in 1714. The 

 fifth was erected in Cornwall in 1720 at Wheal Fortune and was 

 on a larger scale than any previously constructed, having a 



