282 COKXISH DEDICATIOjS'8. 



early lotli centiuy, and tliis has been published by Rees, in his 

 "Lives of the Cambro-British Saints." This Life is a composition 

 of the same date as the MS., and in it Padarn of Llanbadarn is 

 coufovmded with Patermis of Vannes. 



In addition, there is a Life of Patermis of Vannes in the 

 Leon Breviary, printed in 1516. This confounds him with his 

 namesake of Avranches. We will now take the legend as we 

 have it in complete form, and afterwards proceed to give a critical 

 examination of the story. 



Paternus was born in Armorica, and was of noble race. 

 Shortly after his birth, his father Petran or Pedrwn abandoned 

 his Avife Grwen that he might go to Britain to embrace the 

 religious life. But from Britain Pedrwn went on to Ireland 

 there to complete his monastic training. Paternus remained with 

 his mother till he attained to man's estate, and then he started in 

 L|uest of his father, and he went along with a large company, the 

 names of three of which are given, Hetiulau, Catman and 

 Titechon. In the Breviary of S. Malo they are Tinlatu, Cathinan, 

 and Techo, and the Legendarium of Treguier gives them as 

 Cuilan, Cathinrim, and Techocho. These three were his cousins. 

 The party reached Britain and settled in Mauritana, Avhere 

 Paternus became the head of a monastery consisting of 847 

 monks. After having organised it, he departed for Ireland, 

 "where he found his father, but was quite unable to induce the 

 old man to return to his wife and his domestic duties. In Ireland 

 two kings were engaged at this time in warfare — cj^uite an 

 ordinary condition of affairs. S. Paternus succeeded in reconciling 

 them. That accomplished, Paternus returned to his monastery in 

 Britain, which he found in a flourishing condition, and augmented 

 by the arrival of a monk named Nimanauc, who had crossed 

 over on a floating rock. 



Paternus now founded a number of churches in Ceretica, 

 and conhded them to his disciples Samson, Gruinius, Guipper 

 and Nimanauc. The peace of his community was speedily 

 disturbed by Maelgwn Gwyuedd, who made war on the 

 south of Wales and arrived at the head of a large army at 

 the mouth of tlic Clarach. To find an excuse for pillaging the 

 territory of Paternus, Maelgwn left with him on his passage a 



