286 coRXisir dedicatioxs. 



Tlio storv of tlie pilgTimago to Jerusah^m, and the ordina- 

 tion liy tlie patriarch, was a deliberate fabrication of tlie Welsli 

 ecclesiastics in the 12th eentnrv, when they were strngg-ling' to 

 maintain their independence, and that of their cliurch from 

 snhjection to Canterhur}*. This can hardly have been invented 

 before 1100; but it was already in the life of Padarn, when it 

 came into the hands of the Yannes amplifier. Next we come to 

 the expedition of Caradoc Freichfras to Brittany, and his placing 

 Padarn as bishop " in the city of Gwenet." Such an expedition 

 is totally unsubstantiated by early Breton historians. The story 

 apparently arose thus : 



Caradoc Preichfras was lord of Gallewig', a principality in 

 Cornwall between the Ljniher and Tamar, of which the town of 

 Callington and the manor of Kelliland are the modern represen- 

 tatives, but which probably included the Bodmin Moors. 

 Caradoc has left his name there on Caradon. In this region 

 are to be found the Petherwins, i.e., the Gwent of Padarn. 

 Tlie word signilies "Open downs" and it was applied to those 

 upland districts which were treeless, and stood bare for the 

 feeding of sheep, above the vast all-eml) racing forests. It 

 was latinised Ve)ita and svas applied to Venta (Winchester) to 

 Venta Icenorum (Norwich) and A'enta Silurum (Caerwent).'^-' 

 The two extensive parishes of the Petherwins, together with 

 their daugliter churches of Trewen and Werrington stretch over 

 18,400 acres. Much of the district is high, l)leak land, a 

 veritable Gwent. Now Caradoc, as prince of Gallewig, very 

 probably did invite Padarn there, and made over to him the 

 land^ of this Cornish Gwent. This was latinised into Yenedotia, 

 and when the Breton ecclesiastic read the legend of the Welsh 

 Saint, he at once supposed that this must have been the Yene- 

 dotia, Yannes, with which he was acquainted. This was 

 further helped by his misunderstanding Cornwall for Cornouaille 

 Albert Le Grand endeavoured to solve the difficulty of the 

 presence of Caradoc in Brittany by supposing him to have been 

 identical with Gweroc or Weroc, count of the British settlers in 

 Yannes ; but this is inadmissible, and the real solution is that 

 proposed, i.e., the confounding by the Yannes redactor of the 

 Yenedotia in Cornwall, with the Armorican Yenedotia. 



* Green (J. R.) The making of Kngland, 1897, I. p. 10. 



