150 A POPULAR EXPOSITION OF THE 
in its general aspect; and, (2.) A dark variety of Petroleum, becoming viscous 
and even solid on continued exposure to the atmosphere. This latter substance, 
which occurs abundantly in springs and wells traversing the Devonian beds of 
Inniskillen, Mosa, c&e., of the western peninsula of Canada, and which has also 
been discovered in Gaspé, will be noticed fully in its geological relations, under 
Parr V., of the present Essay. The bituminous and more or less inflammable 
shales of these Devonian beds, and those belonging to the Utica Slate subdivision 
of the Lower Silurian series, will come under review, also, in the same place. 
D. 8. Not exhibiting the reactions of D.1 or D. 2. Streak 
coloured. 
Earthy Manganese Ore:—Black or Brown; in earthy masses, 
which usually soil the hands. Streak, chiefly dark-brown, sometimes 
black. Infusible, yielding water in the bulb-tube. When fused with 
carbonate of soda, it forms a “turquoise enamel,” blue whilst hot, 
and green when cold. {Composition very variable, but essentially : 
hydrated sesquioxyd of manganese. Earthy or Bog Manganese Ore, 
sometimes called “Wad,” occurs in the Eastern Townships of Bolton 
and Stanstead; in Aubert-Gallion, Tring, and Ste. Marie, in Beauce 
County ; and at Ste. Anne, in Canada East. 
Scaly Iron Ore (A variety of Red Iron Ore) ;—In glistening, 
red masses, of a scaly or laminar structure; streak, red. Soils the 
hands, more or less. Becomes magnetic before the blow-pipe. This 
variety of Red Iron Ore occurs in small quantities at many of the 
localities in which the latter mineral is found. See A. 4, (vol. V. 
p- 173.) Some specimens have recently been sent to us from the 
back of Peterboro’, Canada West. 
feed Ochre (An earthy variety of Red Iron Ore):—Chiefly in 
amorphous .masses of a dull red colour, with earthy aspect, red 
streak, and low degree of hardness; but sometimes occurring as a 
red powder. It leaves a red trace on paper. Blackens and becomes 
magnetic before the blow-pipe, or when held (in the form of a thin 
splinter) in the flame of a candle or ignited match. Red Ochre occurs 
at Point-du-Lac (St. Maurice County), St. Nicholas, Ste. Anne, and 
other localities in Eastern Canada, accompanying Bog Iron Ore and 
Yellow Ochre. With the latter, it is largely employed as a wash or 
paint for wood-work, and also in the preparation of various pigments. 
Bog Iron Ore (A variety of Brown Iron Ore) :—Ohiefly in 
amorphous masses with sub-metallic aspect. Colour dark brown ; 
streak, yellowish-brown, Gives off water in the bulb-tube, and 
