LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC NOTES. 387 
7. Pillar sandstones, north coast of Gaspé. 
8. Niagara caverns. 
9. Flower-pot Island, Lake Huron. 
10. Perforations and caverns of Mackinac, Lake Huron. 
11. Pictured Rocks, Lake Superior. 
12. St. Ignatius caverns, Lake Superior. 
13. Pilasters of Mammelles, Lake Superior. 
14. Thunder Mountain and Paté Island Pilasters, Lake Superior. 
B.—Inland Caverns and Subterranean Passages. 
15. The Steinhauer Cavern, Labrador. 
16. The basaltic caverns of Henley Island. 
17. Empty basaltic dykes of Mecattina Islands, off south coast of Labrador. 
18. Bigsby’s cavern, Murray Bay. 
19. Bouchette’s cavern, Kildare (north of Montreal.) 
20. Gibb’s cavern, Montreal. 
21. Protable caverns at Chatham on the Ottawa. 
22. Colquhoun’s cavern, Lanark. 
23. Quartz cavern, Leeds. 
24. Protable caverns at Kingston. 
25. Mono cavern (County of Simcoe.) 
26. Hramosa cavern (County of Waterloo.) 
27. Cavern in the Bass Islands, Lake Erie. 
28. Subterranean passages in the Great Manitoulin Island, Lake Huron. 
29. Murray’s cavern and subterranean river, Ottawa. 
Up to this time, neither bones nor other animal remains appear to have been 
met with in any of the above excavations. A strict search, however, might lead 
to the discovery of these remains, beneath the stalagmitic deposit with which 
the floor of some of the caverns, described by Dr. Gibb, is more or less thickly 
covered. 
BAUXITE. HYDRATED SESQUIOXIDE OF IRON AND ALUMINA. 
Large deposits of this peculiar compound have been announced by M. Deville 
as occurring in the Department of the Bouches-du-Rhéne, (Commune of Beaux 
near Arles) and in those of the Gard and Var, in the south of France. Its 
occurrence in rock masses is also reported from Calabria. Analysis shews the 
presence (as essential components) of alumina, sesquioxide of iron, and water, 
although in variable proportions, the substance being rather a rock than a 
mineral, properly so-called. It is evidently, moreover, an altered product. 
Many samples are smelted as an ore of iron, yielding from 33 to 43 per cent. 
of cast metal. Others are employed in the wsines of Salyndres in the prepara- 
tion of alumina and aluminium. When strongly heated, it becomes converted 
into a crystalline corundum, resembling emery both in aspect and in physical 
and chemical characters. Additional observations of much interest on the 
geological conditions of this substance are promised by M.M. Le Chatelier and 
Meissonnier, to whom M. Deville was indebted for his specimens. Annales de 
Chimie et de Physique, Mars, 1861. 
E. J.C. 
