472 AGRICULTURAL MANUFACTURES, 
factory was shut up. The finale was most disastrous to the share- 
holders, who were called upon to pay up in order to meet a deficiency 
wholly owing to the mismanagement and neglect of the directors and 
employes of the company. We believe, however, that a large por- — 
tion of the loss fell upon the right shoulders, namely, the man who,. 
assuming the management of the concern, retained the dishonest 
overseer long after his delinquencies had been denounced to him. 
The whole of the plant was afterwards sold by auction; and there 
being no one to purchase it for Irish or English use, it of course 
fetched but little. And thus concluded the third attempt to establish 
the beet-sugar manufacture in the United Kingdom. 
Are we, then, to conclude from these failures that the manufacture 
of sugar from beetroot cannot succeed in this country? or that there 
are climatic or other natural obstacles to prevent its success? No 
such thing. It has been proved that at 45° of north latitude the 
beetroot contains amply sufficient saccharine power to render the 
manufacture profitable, and that the higher we advance the larger the 
proportion of that element. . Now, the British Isles range from 50° 
at the Land’s End, to between 59° and 60° at the Orkneys, and are 
consequently quite as well adapted to produce the Silesian beetroot 
with a sufficient amount of saccharine as any part of France or Ger- 
many—the former ranging from 42° to 51°, the latter from 44° to 
55°, of north latitude. Besides, the cultivation of the beetroot is 
well known and understood here, although that of the Silesian variety 
has not received that attention from the English farmer for fattening 
purposes it deserves. It is otherwise on the Continent, where, such 
have been the efforts and skillof the farmers, that one of them has 
produced a new variety that contains 17} per cent. of saccharine mat- 
ter, being quite equal to that contained in the cane of the West Indies. 
This is wholly due to the sugar manufacturers, who have instituted 
experiments and combinations for its improvement. An association, 
called Association pour Tindustrie sucricre du Zolverein, has been. 
formed, composed of agriculturalists, manufacturers and men of 
science. The object is the promotion of the prosperity of the manu- 
facture in the States of the Zolverein, and the increase of the propor- 
tion of saccharine in the beetroot. There are 240 sugar-works in 
those states, which in 1857, produced 110,000,000 kilogrammes (110, 
000 tons) of sugar; whilst in the same year, 338 factories in France, 
made only 80,000,000 kilogrammes (80,000 tons). A very significant 
fact connected with this subject may as well be stated here, namely, 
that upwards of 30 sugar-works, which a short time since were con- 
