OP "WESTERN CANADA, 25 



even Cataraqui in this Gazetteer — the germ of Kingston — but of 

 Montreal we read as follows : — ■" It is a well-peopled place, of an 

 oblong form, the streets very open, and the hoiises well built. The 

 fortifications are pretty strong, being surrounded by a wall, flanked 

 with eleven redoubts, which serve instead of batteries ; the ditch is 

 about eight feet deep, and of a proportionable breadth, but dry, 

 encompassing the town, except that part which lies towards the 

 river. It has five gates, one of them very small. It has also a fort 

 or citadel, the batteries of which command the streets of the town 

 from one end to the other ; and over the River St. Peter is a bridge." 

 Then follows an account of the monastic institutions, (fee. 



Our Lake Ontario is thus described : — " A large collection of fresh 

 water, above 270 miles in length from E. to W., and 65 in breadth 

 from N. to S. The fortress of Oswego stands on the southern shore 

 of this lake. It has^ a small rising and falling of the water, like 

 tides, 12 or 18 inches perpendicular. The snow is deeper on the 

 south side of this lake than any other, and its water does not freeze 

 in the severest winter out of sight of land." (This is all.) 



In the article on Canada, the limits of the country are thus given : 

 " The limits of this large country are fixed by an Act of Parliament 

 in 1763 as follows: — The north point, even the head of the liver 

 St. John, on the Labrador Coast ; its westernmost point, the south 

 end of Lake ISTipissing ; its southernmost point, the 45th parallel of 

 north latitude, crossing the river St. Lawrence and Lake Champlain ; 

 and its easternmost, at Cape Hosiers, in the Gulf of St. Lawrence ; 

 including about 800 miles long, and 200 broad ; which boundaries, 

 in 1774, were extended southward to the banks of the Ohio; west- 

 ward to the banks of the Mississippi ; and northward to the boundary 

 of the Hudson's Bay Company." Further on still larger limits are 

 assigned; Louisiana is included within them. "Canada, in its largest 

 sense, is divided into Eastern and Western, the former of which is 

 commonly known by the name of Canada, and the latter, which is 

 of later discovery, Louisiana, in honour of the late Louis XIV. 

 * * "^ The number of the inhabitants in 176.3 was 42,000, 

 but since they have increased very considerably. Its trade employs 

 34 ships and 400 seamen. The exports to Great Britain consisted 

 of skins, furs, ginseng, snakeroot, capillaire, and wheat, all which 

 amounted annually to 105,500, which was nearly the amount of the 

 articles sent from England to them." The article Iroquois reads as 



