THE EASTERN ORIGIN OF THE CELTS. 77 



the Prasii, who occupied so much of northern India, were a great 

 division.-"^ The ancient Parisaria and the modern Calcutta near 

 the mouths of the Ganges, represent also Peresh and Gilead. But 

 the Ganges itself bears the name Padsei, and Herodotus men- 

 tions an important Indian tribe, so called, dwelling with the 

 Calatii." This is the posterity of Bedan rising into notice, and 

 beginning that system of river-naming which Padus, Baetis, and 

 other western streams exhibit. Baetana, or Patna on the Ganges, 

 or Padsei, indicates Bedan's right to be considered its eponym ; 

 and Bhotan, the home of the ancient Badasae, seems to perpetuate 

 his memory in the East. The Budini generally relegated to Sar- 

 matia, and who have been supposed Germanic or Celtic, were 

 probably Bedanites.^^ 



Returning to our point of departure, which was Susiana, and 

 proceeding westward, we find in Chaldea, the land of the Gileadites, 

 far excellence. A large class of its inhabitants were the Orcheni, 

 who were doubtless, the same as the Hyrcanians, or descendants of 

 Rakem.^* Ulam does not appear, but Pudna represents Bedan. In 

 Babylonia, Peresh is represented by Biirsia and Perisaboi^a, Shei-esh 

 by Sura, and Rakem by Arsiana. Mesopotamia is more full. 

 Gilead, Peresh, Sheresh, Ulam, and Bedan, are easily recognizable in 

 the related Chalcitis, Persa, Porsica, Sareisa, Alamus, Alama, Batnse, 

 Betonsa, and Aphadana. Armenia was the original home of the 

 Chaldees or primitive Celts,^° and there, accordingly, we discover 

 Chaliat, Parisa, and Arsene, on which Patansana was situated, just 

 as Arsacia is a lake of the Rhagiante in Media, and Batthina lies on 

 the lake of Persis. Arsiana and Arsene are softened forms of 

 Hyrcania or Orchoene, representing Rakem. Strabo tells us of 

 Chaldeans in Irak Arabi.^^ These were no doubt the Chaulothsei of 

 Arabia Felix, near whom were found Saraceni, the descendants of 

 Sheresh, and probably the Saracens of a later time. Oh the Red 

 Sea, the family of Gilead left inefi"aceable records in the country of the 

 Elamitse, with the maritime and inland towns Pudni (Badanatha f) 

 and Yodona. Palestine I pass over, as in it our sources are given. 



16 Herodot. iii. 38, 97. Strab. xv. 1, 36. 



1'' Herodot. iii. 99. Wheeler, Geograjsliy of Herodotus, 310. 



18 Eawliiison's Herodotus, iv. 108 note. 



i!> Vide Bryant, Analysis of Ancient Mythology, i. 261. This ingenious writer connects the 

 Orchoeni with the Hyrcanii of Persia, aud the Germans of the Hercynia Silva. 



2" Rawlinson, in his Herodotus, i. 181- note, seems to look upon the Armenian Chaldeans as 

 a colony, thus disagreeing with Michaelis, Adelung and f uerst. 



21 xvi. 1, 6. . 



