THE EASTERN ORIGIN OP THE CELTS. 85 



Rakem. Peteresca of the Helvetii answers to Bodencus, Betonsa, 

 and other appellations of Sedan's descendants. In the south, the 

 VolcEe or Arecomici, who have already been noticed as the progeny 

 of Rakem, were found in close proximity to the Allobroges, whom I 

 have identified with the Elamites of Ulam. Selampura, Selymbria, 

 Salambria, exhibit the form of Ulam's name (Ulam-Buryas) out of 

 which the term Allobroges Avas developed. A confirmation of this 

 is found in a statement of Latham's that the termination in nms 

 which appears in Bodencus is characteristic of the Allobroges. ^^ After 

 quoting examples, he cites also Habitancum as showing a British 

 analogy, in apparent ignorance that the latter name is peculiarly 

 AUobrogic.^^ Alamon, Bergusium, Bautse, and Batiana were towns 

 in the region of the Allobroges and Arecomici, setting forth Ulam, 

 Rakem and Bedan. Before dismissing Gaul it is worth observing 

 that the tribe of Celtic barbarians led by Brennus was that of the 

 Prausi, who were the Persii, Prasii or Parisii of Peresh,*" and that 

 some of their posterity were known as the Bathanati or people of 

 Bedan." In Bathanatus, the head of this family, we must find the 

 Baton whom Strabo mentions as chief of the Pannonians.*'^ The 

 Gileadites passed into Britain and named the Caledonia Silva, begin- 

 ning at Carlisle. In that region also we find Calatum, preserving 

 the same name. There also the Parisii appear, and with them the 

 Brigautes, while Alauna, Elius, Alone and Habitancum help to 



33 Ethnology of Europe, 52. 



39 Habitancum in tlie north of Britain is a form uniting Apirtanus or Aphaduna witli 

 Bodinous, and appears in a strongly marked Gileadite region. WUile the reminiscences of 

 Bedan in the south of Britain exhibit no prosthetic letters, e. g. Badon, Boduni, Bcdan-ford, 

 those in the north are always preceded by a foreign vowel, as in Habitancum, Ebuda, Epidii. 

 A similar phenomenon is observable in Mesopotamia, Galatia, Thessaly, ^tolia, Attica, lllyria, 

 and Samnium. Some minor ethnic difference may account for the variation. 



*o Strab. iv. 1, 13. 



*i Atlienaeus, vi. 25. 



*2 Strab. vii. 5, 3. Brennus entered Pannonia, Pausan. x. 19. Phsethon, -well known in 

 classical story, whom Pausanias and others connect with Liguria and the Padus or Eridanus, 

 was probably Bedan himself; his father Helius being Ulam, whose name the Greeks being 

 ignorant of and receiving under the form Eulseus, thus converted into a weU known word, 

 The original Eridanus was the Jordan of Palestine. The connection of amber with this story is 

 that of the Gaelic Ambrones. Tliese I have connected with Zimran, the son of Keturah. 

 Zimran in Hebrew means " a song," and is identical with the Celtic "amhran," bearing the 

 same meaning. Amber is itself a Celtic word, " omar, omra, ombra." The Greek elektron is 

 derived from Electra, a form of El Keturah, or the name of Zimran's mother with the Arabic 

 article. Sacal, the Coptic for amber, seems to point to Eshcol, who, in aU probability, was the 

 brother of Keturah. Tlie amber stones of the Celts in England and elsewhere were sacred 

 monuments, and from them probably, smaU things taking their name from great, amber, as a 

 sacred substance, received its designation. 



