THE EASt'ERN ORlCIIf OF THE CELTS. 87 



of ttiis region were the Eakemites or Brigantes tinder another desig- 

 nation. Meanwhile Ulam is not lost sight of, for the modem Ulni 

 retains what the ancient Alemanni once imposed in memory of their 

 ancestor.** Even Scandinavia must have seen an offshoot of this 

 great family, for Phircesii dwelt there, and Ulea and Bothnia are 

 among their geographical traces.*' 



There were Pharusii in Libya, and a Chelida. Barca of Cyrenaica 

 and Pithon may also have set forth. Peresh and Bedan.*** Battus, 

 even in the days of the ancient Pharaohs who ]jreceded Moses, was 

 the name of the chief ruler of Cyrene, and, although I cannot think 

 that the original Bedan removed to so great a distance from the 

 dominions of his father Ulam, in Babylonia or Susiana, the well- 

 known presence of Celtic traces in northern Africa lead me to believe 

 that a branch of the family of Peresh in the line of Bedan colonized 

 Cyrene and adjoining regions on the Mediterranean coast.*' 



Let it not be supposed that I profess, in setting forth the migra- 

 tions of the family of Gilead, to account for all the Celtic tribes. I 

 have simply accounted for those who imposed upon the whole race, 

 if men will call it so, the name of Celt. There were numberless 

 other Celtic families that traced no descent from Gilead and his sons. 

 One of the most important of these was that which descended from 

 Zimran, the eldest son of Abraham by Keturah, who seems to have 

 married Hammoleketh or The Queen, a sister of Gilead, and thus 

 to have been counted as part of the Gileadite line.*^ How I have 

 arrived at a knowledge of this fact I leave unstated for the present, 

 as I propose devoting a paper to the subject. The Kaldai were the 

 leading tribe of the Accad. The descendants of Zimran were the 

 Sumerians. They accompany the Gileadites throughout their whole 

 course. Samariana in Hyrcania ; Comaria in India ; the Sumerians 

 of Assyria, and Babylonia ; the Zamareni of Arabia ; Thymbrium of 

 Phiygia; Chimsera of Lycia; Smyrna of Lydia ; Thymbra of Mysia; 



« Latham does not consider the Alemanni to have been Germans, but a mixture of popula- 

 tions, with the Germanic element preponderating. They were clearly Elamite or of Ulam. The 

 meaning "all men" or AUophylli is unreasonable. 



■*5 Ptolemy, ii. 2, 33. These Phirsesii were Frisians or Parisii, 



*6 According to Stephanus of Byzantium, Barca was founded by a Perseus, from whom 

 probably it received its name. 



*7 Lenormant & Chevalier's Ancient History of the East, i. 260. 



*8 1 Chron. vii. 18. My means for discovering the name of the husband of Hammoleketh 

 are found in those of her three sons. In Greek, the name by which Zimran was best known, is 

 Amphiaraus. He was the Babylonian Smirm or Zmarus, and the ancestor of the Arabian 

 Homeritae, as we learn from Sozomen, 



