88 THE EASTERN ORIGIN OP THE CELTS. 



Cimmerians of the Tauric Chersonesus ; Tempyra of Thrace ; Comarus, . 

 Tomarus, Cliimerium, and Ambracia of Epirus ; Camara and Cimarus 

 of Crete ; Ambre of ^lindelicia ; Umbranum of Gallia Cisalpina ; 

 Umbria with Camerinum ; Camarina of Sicily ; Samara, Camaracum, 

 the Ambarri and Ambrones of Gaul ; the Cymri of Britain ; the 

 Cimbri, Gambrivii and Ambrones of Germany ; and Semeros of 

 Libya, are a few of the traces of the Sumerian or Zimranite brethren 

 of the Gileadites. Pezron saw plainly the connection indicated, and 

 brought his Celts from Persia, where he found them as Comarians, 

 whom he supposed to have been the descendants of the pati-iarch 

 Gomer.*^ Gilead and Zimran, the ancestors of Kaldai and Sumeri, 

 Celts and Cimmerians, were contemporaries, and must have flourished 

 in the days of Isaac the son of Abraham. They were thus much later 

 than the eponyms of the Egyptian Horites and Hycsos, and were 

 themselves preceded in Babylonia by ruling families of lonians and 

 others.^" Ulam-Buryas, if he really be Ulam the son of Peresh and 

 grandson of Gilead, appears on the lists at the right period, or about 

 1600 B.C., from which date the Elamites might count their time of 

 existence; the Persi preceding them by fifty and the Celts by a 

 hundred years.^^ 



It will be obseiwed that I have abstained from introducing mytho- 

 logical data into my circle of comparisons, not because these are 

 wanting, although it is true that they are not so abundant as in 

 many other cases, but because the geographical evidence is so strong 

 as not to stand in need of any such assistance. The mere concurrence 

 of words so distinctive as Gilead, Peresh, Sheresh, Ulam, Bakem, 

 and, Bedan in a single locality, would be a remarkable coincidence. 

 I cannot therefore imagine that the unworthy sneer at verbal simi- 

 larity and false analogies, with which similar cases of induction have 

 been treated, should continue to be visited upon the results here set 

 forth, by any honest thinker. Men to whom theoiies are dearer 

 than truth, and old prejudices than increase of knowledge, will find 

 a way of escape out of mathematical demonstration. It is enough 

 that scholars who can appreciate the nature of the evidence I have 

 given will also appreciate the importance of the results obtained. It 

 remains that I tabulate these results : 



*s Antiquities of Nations, Book i. oh. 3. 



60 Vide tlie Horites, Canacl. Journal, May, 1873. The Shepherd Kings of Egypt, Canad. Jour- 

 nal, April and Aug., 1874; and the Primitive History of the lonians.Canad. Journal, May, 1875. 

 ^^ Vide the Early History of Babylonia, Transactions of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, i. 1. 



