ON THE LEADING GEOLOGICAL AREAS OF 

 CANADA. 



BY B. J. CHAPMAN, Ph. D., 



Professor of Mineralogy and Geology in University College, Toronto. 



f Continued from page 22.) 



PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. 



This Province may be subdivided afeologically into four principal 

 areas, comprising: (1) The Laurentide, or Northern Crystalline 

 District ; (2) The Upper St. Lawrence, or Western Palaeozoic Dis- 

 trict ; (3) The Appalachian, or Eastern Metamorphic District; and 

 (4) The Anticosti, or Eastern Palaeozoic Area. 



(1.) The Laurentide District. — This is essentially a region of ancient 

 crystalline strata — rocky and mountainoiTS in character : an eastward 

 extension of the Laurentian districts of Ontario, but with certain 

 special features of its own. It comprises the wide expanse of terri- 

 tory lying between the Ottawa River and Labrador, with the exception 

 of a comparatively narrow strip of country (occupied by Lower 

 Palaeozoic formations), extending along the St. Lawrence from the 

 junction of the two great rivers to a point a short distance below the 

 city of Quebec. It is traversed by the Laurentide Mountains, proper, 

 which form within it several broken ranges curving roughly parallel 

 with the course of the St. Lawrence. The more southern of these 

 gradually approach the river, and run closely adjacent to it along the 

 lower part of its course. The average height of the Laurentides, 

 generally, is from about 1,200 to 2,000 feet, but at one or two points 

 they reach an altitude of nearly 4,000 feet above the sea. Numerous 

 rivers rise amongst them. Some of the more important comprise :, 

 the Riviere du Moine, the Gattineau, the Riviere du Lievre, the 

 Riviere Rouge, and the Riviere du Nord, flowing into the Ottawa; 

 and, the lAssomption, Chicot, St. Maurice, Batiscan, Ste. Anne 

 (Portneuf), Jacques Cartier, Montmorenci, Ste. A nne (Montmorenci), 

 Murray, Saguenay, Moisie, and other eastern rivers, flowing into the 

 St. Lawrence. 



